tour of the cell pt 1 Flashcards
what is light microscopy used for
used to see plant/animal cells. larger bactria
what is electron microscopy used for
detailed structures, small bacteria, and viruses. SEM = images of the surface. TEM = images of a thin section.
magnification
ratio of the objects image size to its real size
what is Resolution
how far apart two points can be distinguished
contrast
Difference between light and dark areas of the images.
what are eukaryotic cells
protists, fungi, animals, and plants
what are prokaryotic cells
bacteria, archaea
Prokaryotic properties
no nucleus, DNA is floating around in nucleoid, un-bounded organelles, cytoplasm bounded by plasma membrane
eukaryotic properties
DNA is in nucleus, nucleus is inside nucleus envelope, bonded organelles, cytoplasm is in the region between plasma membrane
both eukaryotic and prokaryotic properties
plasma membrane, cytosol (semifluid substance), chromosomes (DNA), ribosomes (make proteins)
larger cell between the two
eukaryotic
what are Metabolic requirements
set upper limits on the size of cells
what is the nucleus
Contains most of the cell’s genes
what is a double membrane
double membrane, each membrane consists of a lipid bilayer
location and function of nucleolus
location = within nucleus. function = site for ribosomes RNA synthesis
what are ribosomes
outside the nucleus that contains ribosomal RNA and protein
where are free ribosome and bounded ribosomes
free ribosomes in the cytosol. bound ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear envelope
what are chromosomes
DNA organized into units. they appear as cell prepares to divide
what is chromatin
single DNA molecule associated with proteins
what directs production of messenger MRNA
Genes along DNA molecule
how is MRNA used
MRNa moves outside nucleus to produce polypeptides
what is the central dogma
DNA-RNA-protein
what are pores and pore complexes
Structures that allow entry and exit of RNA, proteins, and macromolecules
what does the endomembrane system consist of
of nuclear envelope, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles, plasma membrane
