tour of the cell pt 1

Question 1

what is light microscopy used for

Answer 1

used to see plant/animal cells. larger bactria

Question 2

what is electron microscopy used for

Answer 2

detailed structures, small bacteria, and viruses. SEM = images of the surface. TEM = images of a thin section.

Question 3

magnification

Answer 3

ratio of the objects image size to its real size

Question 4

what is Resolution

Answer 4

how far apart two points can be distinguished

Question 5

contrast

Answer 5

Difference between light and dark areas of the images.

Question 6

what are eukaryotic cells

Answer 6

protists, fungi, animals, and plants

Question 7

what are prokaryotic cells

Answer 7

bacteria, archaea

Question 8

Prokaryotic properties

Answer 8

no nucleus, DNA is floating around in nucleoid, un-bounded organelles, cytoplasm bounded by plasma membrane

Question 9

eukaryotic properties

Answer 9

DNA is in nucleus, nucleus is inside nucleus envelope, bonded organelles, cytoplasm is in the region between plasma membrane

Question 10

both eukaryotic and prokaryotic properties

Answer 10

plasma membrane, cytosol (semifluid substance), chromosomes (DNA), ribosomes (make proteins)

Question 11

larger cell between the two

Answer 11

eukaryotic

Question 12

what are Metabolic requirements

Answer 12

set upper limits on the size of cells

Question 13

what is the nucleus

Answer 13

Contains most of the cell’s genes

Question 14

what is a double membrane

Answer 14

double membrane, each membrane consists of a lipid bilayer

Question 15

location and function of nucleolus

Answer 15

location = within nucleus. function = site for ribosomes RNA synthesis

Question 16

what are ribosomes

Answer 16

outside the nucleus that contains ribosomal RNA and protein

Question 17

where are free ribosome and bounded ribosomes

Answer 17

free ribosomes in the cytosol. bound ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear envelope

Question 18

what are chromosomes

Answer 18

DNA organized into units. they appear as cell prepares to divide

Question 19

what is chromatin

Answer 19

single DNA molecule associated with proteins

Question 20

what directs production of messenger MRNA

Answer 20

Genes along DNA molecule

Question 21

how is MRNA used

Answer 21

MRNa moves outside nucleus to produce polypeptides

Question 22

what is the central dogma

Answer 22

DNA-RNA-protein

Question 23

what are pores and pore complexes

Answer 23

Structures that allow entry and exit of RNA, proteins, and macromolecules

Question 24

what does the endomembrane system consist of

Answer 24

of nuclear envelope, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles, plasma membrane