Macromolecules pt 2 Flashcards
where do amino acids joined by dehydration occur
in the ribosome
what are the levels of protein structures
primary, secondary , tertiary, quaternary (multiple polypeptides )
Secondary protein structure components
Hydrogen bonds in the polypeptide backbone
tertiary protein structure components
inactions between various side chains (R groups)
quarternary protein structure components
Arises from aggression between multiple polypeptides subunits
enzymatic protein functions
function = selective accelerations of chemical reactions. example= digestive enzymes catalyze the hydrolysis of bonds in foos molecules
transport protien functions
function = stransport of substances. example = hemoglobin, the iron-containing, protein of vertebrate blood, transports oxygen from the lungs to other parts of the body. other proteins transport molecules across membrane
Storage protien functions
funtion = storage of amino acids. example = casein, the protein of milk, is the major source of amino acids for baby mammals. plants have storage proteins in their seeds. ovalbum, is the protein of egg whites, used as an amino acid source for the developing embroidery
structural protein functions
function = keratin is the protein of hair, horns, feathers and other skin appendages. insects and spiders use silk fibers to make their cocoons and webs respectively.
contractile and motor protein functions
function = movement. example = motor protiens are responsible for the undulations of cillia and flagella, actin and mysoin proteins are responsible for the contracting of muscles
hormonal protein functions
fuction = coordination of an organisms activities. example = insulin, a hormone secreted by the pancreas, causes other tissues to take up glucose, thus regulating blood sugar concentration
defensive protein functions
functions = protection against disease. example = antibodies inactive and help destroy viruses and bacteria
receptor protein functions
function = response of cell to chemical stimuli. example = receptors build into the membrane of a nerve cell to detect signaling released by other nerve cells
what are Nucleic acids
Storage information, gene expression
what is an mRNA molecule
interacts witht the cells protein sythesizing machinery to produce polypeptides
