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WSET D3 > Toscana > Flashcards

Toscana Flashcards

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1
Q

When was the first commercial bottling of Sassicaia released?

A

1968

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2
Q

How many DOCGs are located within Tuscany?

A

11

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3
Q

What is the climate found in Tuscany?

A

Mediterranean

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4
Q

True or False,

Tuscany has the most DOCGs zones in Italy?

A

False

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5
Q

What is the main grape of Tuscany?

A

Sangiovese (and it isn’t even close)

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6
Q

What are the parents of Sangiovese

A

Ciliegiolo and Calabrese di Montenuovo

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7
Q

Name one offspring of Sangiovese

A
  • Frappato
  • Nerello Mascalese
  • Perricone
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8
Q

What are the main clones of Sangiovese?

A
  • Brunello
  • Prugnolo Gentile
  • Sangiovese di Lamole
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9
Q

Sangiovese was generally aged in what?

A

Large Slavonian cask

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10
Q

Name some of the DOCGs where Sangiovese is the principal grape varietal

A
  • Chianti
  • Chianti Classico
  • Carmignano
  • Vino Nobile di Montepulciano
  • Morellino di Scansano
  • Montecucco Sangiovese
  • Brunello di Montalcino
  • Rosso di Montalcino
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11
Q

What are the two native grape varietals that are generally blended with Sangiovese

A

Colorino and Canaiolo Nero

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12
Q

What is Italy’s most planted white grape?

A

Trebbiano Toscano

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13
Q

What percentage of the wine that comes from Tuscany is white?

A

15%

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14
Q

What are the 7 subzones of Chianti?

A
  • Classico
  • Rufina
  • Colli Fiorentini
  • Colline Pisane
  • Colli Aretini
  • Montalbano
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15
Q

Who Is credited with defining the classic blend of Chianti

A

Baron Bettino Ricasoli

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16
Q

Describe the practice of ‘governo’

A

It is refermentation with the juice of dried grapes; used to strengthen the wine and start MLF.

It must be indicated on labels as Governo all’uso Toscano

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17
Q

What four villages are found in the Chianti Classico Zone?

A
  • Radda
  • Gaiole
  • Castellina
  • Greve
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18
Q

What are the two common soil types found in the Chianti Classico Zone

A

Galestro- soft and friable marl

Alberese - Sandstone

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19
Q

What are the requirement of Sangiovese in Chianti and Chianti Classico?

A
  • 70-100% in Chianti
    - 75-100% in Chianti Colli Senesi
  • 80-100% in Chianti Classico
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20
Q

True or False,

White grapes are not allowed in the blends for Chianti and Chianti Classico

A

False, while they are allowed in the Chianti DOCG (maximum 10%), they are no longer allowed in the Chianti Classico DOCG.

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21
Q

When was the first commercial vintage of Tignanello?

A

1971

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22
Q

Sangiovese is a ____ budding and _____ ripening varietal

A
  • Early Budding

- Late Ripening

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23
Q

Does Rosso di Mantalcino also have to be 100% sangiovese like Brunello?

A

Yes

24
Q

What is the DOC used for producers in Montalcino to make ‘super-tuscan’ wines?

A

Sant’Antimo DOC

25
Q

What is the grape used to make Moscadello di Montalcino, and what kind of wine is it?

A

Moscadello, better known as Moscato Bianco, makes sweet wines that can be still or sparkling

26
Q

What is the blend for Vino Nobile di Montepulciano?

A
  • 70% Prugnolo Gentile
  • 30% of other Tuscan varietals
  • No more than 5% of whites
27
Q

When did Morellino di Scansano achieved DOCG status?

A

2006

28
Q

What is the first recorded law/decree issued to protect the quality in Chianti?

A

In 1444, there was a prohibition on picking dates before a certain date to protect the quality

29
Q

Who was it that recommended that Sangiovese should be the dominate variety in Chianti?

A

Baron Bettino Ricasoli, in 1872

30
Q

True or False,

Most of the Chianti DOCG does not share the same soils or elevation as Chianti Classico?

A

True

31
Q

When did Chianti Classico become its own autonomous region, separate from Chianti?

A

1996

32
Q

What are the top 6 varieties planted in Tuscany?

A
  • Sangiovese
  • Trebbiano
  • Merlot
  • Cabernet
  • Canaiolo Nero
33
Q

Is Sangiovese a thin-skinned or thick-skinned variety?

A

Thin-skinned, making it susceptible to Botrytis Bunch Rot

34
Q

What are the two threats to vineyards in Tuscany?

A
  • Esca, which enters in through large cuts on the vine

- Wild Boars

35
Q

What are the approved blending grapes for Chianti Classico?

A
  • Corolino
  • Canaiolo Nero
  • Cabernet Sauvignon
  • Cabernet Franc
  • Merlot
36
Q

True or False,

White grape varieties can be used in both Chianti DOCG and Chianti Classico DOCG?

A

False. Neither can use white grape varieties in the blends.

  • Chianti phased them out after the 2015 vintage
  • Chianti Classico phased them out after the 2006 vintage
37
Q

What is ‘Galestro’?

A

It is a soil type found in Chianti Classico that is a mixture of Schist, crumbly rock with clay and marl

38
Q

What is ‘Alberese’?

A

It is a soil found in Chianti Classico that is a mixture of Calcareous soil and Clay

39
Q

What are the maximum yields for Chianti, Chianti Classico and the Chianti Subzones?

A
  • Chianti is 63 hL/ha
  • The Chianti subzones are 56 hL/ha
  • Chianti Classico is 52.5 hL/ha
40
Q

When was the first Brunello di Montalcino bottled and sold?

A

In 1865 by the Biondi-Santi family

41
Q

How has the the number and producers and land under vine changed from the 1960’s to today?

A

In the 1960s there were 11 producers and 65 ha planted. Now there are 250 producers and 2,100 ha planted.

42
Q

What is the largest Chianti subzone?

A

Chianti Colli Senesi

43
Q

What is the range (sea level) that is said to produce the best wines in Chianti Classico?

A

200-500m, this range helps give cooler nights, which can lengthen the growing season that in turn leads to riper grapes that still have elevated acid levels

44
Q

What two towns is Chianti Classico located between?

A

Florence and Siena

45
Q

What was the new designation created by the Chianti Classico Consorzio in 2013 to promote the top tier of Chianti Classico?

A

Chianti Classico Gran Selezione

46
Q

What are the requirements of Chianti Classico Gran Selezione?

A
  • The grapes must come from a single vineyard or an estate owned by the producer
  • Wines must be aged for 30 months (no requirement for oak ageing)
47
Q

What is the maximum yield for Brunello di Montalcino?

A

54 hL/ha

48
Q

What are the ageing requirements for Brunello di Montalcino (regular) and Riserva?

A
  • 5 years after Jan. 1 of the following year, 2 years in oak

- 6 years after Jan. 1 of the following year, 3 years in oak

49
Q

List the varieties that can be used in the production of Brunello di Montalcino?

A

Sangiovese

50
Q

List the varieties that can be used in the production of Rosso di Montalcino?

A

Sangiovese

51
Q

What is the average elevation for the vineyards that Produce Vino Nobile di Montepulciano?

A

250-600m

52
Q

What is the minimum elevation for Brunello di Montalcino?

A

Vineyards have to be above 120m

53
Q

What are the moderating influences for Brunello di Montalcino?

A
  • Protected from the rain by Monte Amiata

- Cooling breezes from the Mediterranean Sea

54
Q

What are the main soils found in Montalcino?

A
  • In the northern part of the DOCG, the soils are galestro based
  • Higher amounts of clay at the lower elevations
55
Q

Sangiovese must make up what percentage of the blend in Vino Nobile di Montepulciano?

A

70-100%

56
Q

What is the maximum yield for Vino Nobile di Montepulciano

A

56 hL/ha

WSET D3 (47 decks)

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