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WSET D3 > Spain > Flashcards

Spain Flashcards

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1
Q

Where is Valencia located?

A

On the eastern coast of Spain

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2
Q

What is the climate of Valencia?

A

Depending on the exposure to the coast, either Mediterranean or Continental with hot summers and low rainfall

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3
Q

How are most of the vineyards in Valencia planted?

A

Due to the climate, most vineyards have bush vines, with some newer vineyards having VSP

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4
Q

What is the name of the coolest sub-region in Valencia?

A

Alto Turia, which sits in the foothills of the Sistema Ibérico mountains in the northern section of the Valencia DO

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5
Q

What grapes are primarily grown in Alto Turia?

A

Moscatel de Alejandria and Merseguera

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6
Q

What is the name of the other two sub-regions in Valencia?

A
  • Valentino
  • Moscatel
  • Clariano
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7
Q

Name the grapes grown in Valentino

A
  • Cabernet Sauvignon
  • Garnacha Tintorera
  • Tempranillo
  • Monastrell
  • Macabeo
  • Merseguera
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8
Q

Moscatel focuses on the production of _______ and ______

A

Muscatel de Valencia (sweet wine) and vino de licor (unfermented grape must that has been fortified with grape spirit) made from Moscatel de Alejandria

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9
Q

Where is Utiel-Requena located in relation to Valencia

A

Just southwest of Valencia, with its western limit bordering La Mancha

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10
Q

What is the climate of Utiel-Requena?

A

Hot Continental with hot summers and cold winters

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11
Q

What is the average altitude in Utiel-Requena?

A

Around 750 meters, making for cool summer nights and raises the risk of spring frost

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12
Q

Name the most planted varietal in Utiel-Requena

A

Bobal, which accounts for 70% of the plantings

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13
Q

Where is Alicante located in relation to Valencia?

A

It is the most southern DO that is still apart of Valencia, located near the city of Alicante

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14
Q

What is the climate for Alicante?

A

Mediterranean with hot summers and cold winters

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15
Q

True or False,

Grapes from Alicante can be labeled under the Jumilla or Yelca DOs?

A

False, however wines from Jumilla or Yelca can be labeled under DO Alicante

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16
Q

What are the two zones of production in Alicante?

A

Vinalopo and Marina Alta

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17
Q

What is the main grape of Vinalopo?

A

Monastrell

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18
Q

What is the main grape of Marina Alta?

A

Moscatel de Alejandria, making dry and sweet wines

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19
Q

Monastrell accounts for what percentage of plantings in Alicante?

A

75%

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20
Q

How are the vineyards of Alicante set up?

A

Mainly planted to low density bush vines

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21
Q

Red Wines labeled under the Alicante DO must include ____ Monastrell

A

80%

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22
Q

What are some of the blending grapes used in Alicante?

A
  • Bobal
  • Alicante Bouschet
  • Garnacha
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23
Q

What is Fondillón?

A

It is a historic wine protected by the Alicante DO.

It a medium-sweet red wine that is made from late harvest Monastrell, with a maximum 40g/l residual sugar.

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24
Q

Aside from being made from Monastrell and having r.s., what are some other requirements for Fondillón

A
  • Minimum abv must be 16%
  • must be matured at least 10 years in oak, often in 1,200L traditional old oak vessels
  • Wines can either be añada (single vintage) or more commonly made via the solera system
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25
Q

Jumilla is a part of what larger region?

A

Murica

26
Q

What is the main soil type in Jumilla?

A

Sand over a layer or limestone, which aids in the retention of ground water making grape growing more viable as most vineyards are not equipped with irrigation

27
Q

What is the main grape in Jumilla?

A

Monastrell, which makes up more than 80% of the plantings

28
Q

When did phylloxera come to Jumilla?

A

In 1989 (most of Europe was hit by phylloxera by the end of the 19th century)

29
Q

What are the other black grape varietals approved for use in Jumilla?

A
  • Alicante Bouschet
  • Cabernet Sauvignon
  • Cencibel (Tempranillo)
  • Garnacha
  • Merlot
  • Syrah
  • Petit Verdot
30
Q

How many growers and wineries are there in Jumilla?

A
  • 2,000 growers

- 40 Wineries

31
Q

What is the main grape variety grown in Yelca?

A

Monastrell

32
Q

How much of Yelca’s production is exported?

A

95%

33
Q

What is the main river that runs through Rioja?

A

The Ebro River

34
Q

Name the two mountain ranges that shelter Rioja from the Atlantic and the hotter climate of central Spain

A
  • Sierra de Cantabria

- Sierra de la Demanda

35
Q

Name the different zones of Rioja

A
  • Rioja Alta
  • Rioja Alavesa
  • Rioja Oriental
36
Q

What was the original name for Rioja Oriental?

A

Rioja Baja

37
Q

Which Rioja zone is the largest and home to ferrous clay?

A

Rioja Alta

38
Q

Rioja Alavesa is the _______ zone and home to _____ clay

A
  • Smallest

- Calcareous

39
Q

Why did the name get changed from Rioja Baja to Rioja Oriental?

A

To get away form negative connotations associated with the word Baja, or bottom

40
Q

What are the soils like in Rioja Oriental?

A

A mixture of the ferrous clay and calcareous clay

41
Q

How has climate change affected Rioja?

A
  • Black grape varieties are ripening better at higher elevations through out the region.
  • The lower elevations in Rioja Oriental are struggling due to increasing temperatures and drought
42
Q

List the black grapes used in Rioja

A
  • Tempranillo
  • Garnacha
  • Mazuelo
  • Maturana Tinta
  • Graciano
  • Cabernet Sauvignon (small amounts planted)
43
Q

List the white grapes used in Rioja

A
  • Viura (Macabeo)
  • Tempranillo Blanc
  • Malvasia
  • Garnacha Blanca
  • Verdejo
  • Sauvignon Blanc
44
Q

Does the Rioja Consejo specify what type of barrels must be used to age the wines in?

A

Yes, only 225L barriques can be used

45
Q

What is still considered to be a longstanding and important component to wine making in Rioja?

A

Blending grapes grown all across the DOCa

46
Q

What two producers are releasing very old, oxidative styles of white wine in Rioja?

A
  • Lopez de Heredia

- Marques de Murrieta

47
Q

What are the new labeling terms approved by the Rioja Consejo in 2018?

A
  • Vino de Zona
  • Vino de Municipio
  • Viñedo Singular
48
Q

What are the aging requirements for red wines in Rioja?

A
  • Crianza: 24 months min; 12 in barrel min
  • Reserva: 36 months min; 12 in barrel, 6 in bottle
  • Gran Reserva: 60 months min; 24 in barrel, 24 in bottle
49
Q

What are the aging requirements for white and rose wines in Rioja?

A
  • Crianza: 18 months min; 6 in barrel
  • Reserva: 24 months min; 6 in barrel
  • Gran Reserva: 48 months min; 6 in barrel
50
Q

What is the average vineyard size in Rioja?

A

50% of the vineyards are 1 ha or less, with 75% being less than 2 ha

51
Q

What percentage of the total production in Rioja goes to co-operatives?

A

40%

52
Q

How much of the total wine produced in exported? List the top 3 export markets

A

37%

  • UK
  • Germany
  • USA
53
Q

How do premium wines from Rioja compare price wise against the premium wines of Italy and France?

A

The Gran Reserva level wines are much more expensive compared to other Rioja wines, but are much less expensive than the premium wines of Italy and France

54
Q

Name the 5 sub-regions of Navarra

A
  • Baja Montana
  • Valdizarbe
  • Tierra Estella (has the most vino de pago)
  • Ribera Alta
  • Ribera Baja
55
Q

What are the cooler and wetter sub-regions of Navarra

A
  • Baja Montana
  • Valdizarbe
  • Tierra Estella

These sub-regions are influenced by the Atlantic Ocean and the Pyrenees Mountains

56
Q

What black grapes are grown in Navarra?

A
  • Garnacha
  • Tempranillo
  • Cabernet Sauvignon
  • Merlot
57
Q

What white grapes are grown in Navarra?

A
  • Chardonnay
  • Moscatel de Grano Menudo
  • Sauvignon Blanc
  • Malvasia
  • Viura
58
Q

What are the other names for the Basque Country?

A
  • Euskadi

- Pais Vasco

59
Q

What is the main grape of the Basque Country?

A

Hondarrabi Zuri

60
Q

What is the main DO for the Basque country?

A

Txakoli DO

61
Q

Name the 3 sub-regions that make up the Txakoli DO

A
  • Txakoli de Getaria
  • Txakoli de Bizkaia
  • Txakoli de Alava

WSET D3 (47 decks)

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