Topography of the Brain

Question 1

What are the parts of the Brainstem? (superior to inferior)

Answer 1

Midbrain, pons and medulla

Question 2

What cranial nerves are contained within the brainstem?

Answer 2

III-XII

Question 3

What are the functions of the brainstem?

Answer 3

Pathway for fibre tracts running between higher and lower centres
Innervation of head and neck
Rigidly programmed automatic behaviours essential for survival

Question 4

What cavity is located in the medulla?

Answer 4

IV ventricle

Question 5

What does the medulla continue as inferiorly?

Answer 5

Spinal cord

Question 6

What are the surfaces features of the medulla?

Answer 6

Pyramids and their decussation
Olives laterally
Cranial nerves IX-XII

Question 7

How is the medulla connected to the cerebellum?

Answer 7

Inferior cerebellar peduncles

Question 8

What is posterior to the pons?

Answer 8

IV ventricle

Question 9

What are the surface features of the pons?

Answer 9

Middle cerebellar peduncle

Cranial nerves V-VIII

Question 10

What does the midbrain develop from?

Answer 10

Mesencephalon

Question 11

What are the surface features of the midbrain?

Answer 11

Cerebral peduncle
Superior cerebellar peduncle
Corpora quadrigemina
Origin of III and IV nerves

Question 12

What are the right and left hemispheres of the cerebellum separated by?

Answer 12

Vermis

Question 13

What are the lobes of the cerebellum?

Answer 13

Anterior
Posterior
Flocculonodular

Question 14

What does the surface of the cerebellum have?

Answer 14

Sulci and folia

Question 15

What are the functions of the cerebellum?

Answer 15

Information from pyramidal tracts
Information from ipsilateral proprioceptors from periphery
Information from vestibular nuclei

Question 16

What is the role of the hypothalamus?

Answer 16

Homeostatic role

Question 17

What is the function of the thalamus?

Answer 17

Sensory relay station

Question 18

What do the ICAs give branches to?

Answer 18

Anterior cerebral artery
Middle cerebral artery
Posterior communicating artery

Question 19

What do the 2 vertebral arteries form?

Answer 19

Basilar artery

Question 20

What system gives branches that supply the brainstem and cerebellum?

Answer 20

Vetebro-basilar

Question 21

Where does the basilar artery end?

Answer 21

Level of midbrain

Question 22

How does the basilar artery end?

Answer 22

Divides into 2 posterior cerebral arteries

Question 23

What do the posterior cerebral arteries supply?

Answer 23

Inferior aspect of cerebral hemispheres and occipital lobe

Question 24

What forms the circle of willis?

Answer 24

Branches of ICA and the PCA

Question 25

What is the function of the circle of willis?

Answer 25

Protective feature against vaso-occlusion of large arteries

Question 26

What do the anterior cerebral arteries supply?

Answer 26

Medial aspect of cerebral hemispheres excluding occipital

Question 27

What do the middle cerebral arteries supply?

Answer 27

Lateral aspect of cerebral hemispheres

Question 28

What do the superficial and deep veins of the brain drain into?

Answer 28

Venous sinuses which lie between 2 layers of dura mater

Question 29

What do the dural venous sinuses going together to drain into?

Answer 29

Internal jugular veins

Question 30

What is the superior sinus?

Answer 30

Small groove in skull cap

Question 31

What is the sigmoid sinus?

Answer 31

S shaped groove up from the jugular foramen