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Nervous System > Cells and Tissues of the Nervous System > Flashcards

Cells and Tissues of the Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Are neurons or glial cells excitable?

A

Neurons

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2
Q

What causes impulse transmission in neurons?

A

Action potential

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3
Q

How are sensory neurons different from motor neurons?

A

Sensory have cell bodies outside of the CNS within dorsal root ganglion

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4
Q

What is the function of myelin sheath?

A

Increases conduction speed in axons as action potentials can jump from node to node

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5
Q

What is the myelin sheath formed by?

A

Schwann cells in PNS

Oligodendrocytes in CNS

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6
Q

What type of neurons are motor neurons?

A

Multipolar neurons

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7
Q

What type of neurons are sensory neurons?

A

Psuedounipolar - these skip the cell body and go straight to ends of neutron in spinal cord

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8
Q

What neurons are bipolar neurons?

A

Olfactory mucosa and retinal nerve fibres

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9
Q

What forms ganglions outside the CNS and nuclei inside the CNS?

A

Collection of cell bodies and non-myelinated axons

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10
Q

What do collections of myelinated axons form?

A

White matter outside CNS or tracts within CNS

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11
Q

What are the different types of glial cells?

A

Astrocytes, Microglia, Oligodendrocytes, Schwann cells, Satellite cells, Ependymal cells

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12
Q

Describe astrocytes?

A

Endfeet, surround synapses and capillaries

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13
Q

Describe microglia?

A

Phagocytosis

Scar tissue formation

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14
Q

Describe oligodendrocytes?

A

Myelination

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15
Q

Describe satellite cells?

A

Surround neuronal bodies

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16
Q

Describe ependymal cells?

A

Line ventricles

17
Q

What makes up the diencephalon?

A

Hypothalamus and thalamus

18
Q

What is the cerebrum?

A

Seat of consciousness

19
Q

What is the cerebellum?

A

For balance and coordination

20
Q

What does the brainstem contain?

A

Vital centres and pathway for fibre tracts

21
Q

What are the cavities in the adult brain called?

A

Ventricles

22
Q

What do the ventricles contain?

A

Cerebrospinal fluid

23
Q

Where are the ventricles?

A

Lateral ventricles in cerebral hemisphere
III ventricle in the diencephalon
Cerebral aqueduct in the midbrain
IV ventricle in the hindbrain

24
Q

What are the characteristics of the dura mater?

A

Tough, fibrous and has dural folds

25
Q

What are the characteristics of the pia mater?

A

Vascularise and dips into folds of the brain

26
Q

What is the sub-dural space?

A

Potential space which is traversed by blood vessels penetrating into the CNS
Contains CSF

27
Q

What is the function of CSF?

A

Maintain intracranial pressure

28
Q

What forms the CSF?

A

Choroid plexus

29
Q

How does the CSF get back into circulation?

A

Absorbed by arachnoid villi into sagittal sinus

Nervous System (16 decks)

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