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W/Anatomy final > Topography of the abdominal wall and inguinal region > Flashcards

Topography of the abdominal wall and inguinal region Flashcards

1
Q

What is scarpa’s fascia?

A

deep layer of the superficial fascia

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2
Q

What is Camper’s fascia?

A

superficial layer of the superficial fascia

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3
Q

What does Camper’s fascia continue as in the penis?

A

superficial layer of penis

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4
Q

What does Camper’s fascia continue as in the scrotum?

A

tunica dartos

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5
Q

What does the deep fascia continue as over the spermatic cord?

A

External spermatic fascia

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6
Q

What does the deep fascia continue as over the penis?

A

Deep fascia of the penis (buck’s fascia)

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7
Q

Innervation of external and internal oblique, transverse abdominus (4)

A
  • Intercostal nerves T8 to T11
  • Subcostal nerve (T12)
  • Ilioinguinal nerve
  • Iliohypogastric nerve
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8
Q

Innervation of rectus abdominus

A

Intercostal nerves T7-T12

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9
Q

What is the semilunar line of spigelius?

A

Curved line along the lateral border of rectus abdominus, at the aponeurosis of the transverse abdominus

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10
Q

What forms the linea alba?

A

The aponeurosis of the external oblique, internal oblique and tranverse abdominal muscles

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11
Q

Where does the linea alba extend from and to?

A

From the xiphoid process to the pubic symphesis

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12
Q

What happens below the arcuate line?

A

All the muscle layers are now in front of the rectus sheath

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13
Q

Where do the intercostal nerves come from?

A

The anterior rami of the inferior 6 thoracic spinal nerves (T7-T11)
(T12 is subcostal)

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14
Q

From which spinal nerves does the ioliohypogastric nerve come from?

A

Anterior rami of spinal nerves L1-L2

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15
Q

What does the iliohypogastric nerve supply? (3)

A
  • Upper buttock
  • Transverse and internal oblique
  • Skin of mons pubis
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16
Q

Where does the ilioinguinal nerve pierce the internal oblique?

A

above the superior anterior iliac spine

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17
Q

What does the ilioinguinal nerve supply? (4)

A
  • Transverse and internal abdominal
  • Conjoint tendon
  • Upper medial thigh
  • scrotum, root of penis
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18
Q

What do the superior epigastric vessels supply?

A

Superior part of rectus abdominus

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19
Q

What do inferior epigastric vessels form?

A

the lateral umbilical fold

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20
Q

What forms the inguinal ligament of Poupart?

A

The thickened inferior border of the aponeurosis of the external oblique

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21
Q

What does the ligament of Poupart form in the inguinal canal?

A

The floor

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22
Q

What forms the iliopubic tract?

A

the thickened inferior margin of the transversalis fascia

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23
Q

What does the iliopubic tract contribute to in the inguinal canal?

A

the posterior wall

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24
Q

What marks the inferior edge of the deep inguinal ring?

A

the iliopubic tract

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25
Q

What forms the medial margin of the femoral canal?

A

iliopubic tract

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26
Q

What do the ilioinguinal ligament and iliopubic tract function as together?

A

As the flexor retinaculum of the hip

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27
Q

What structures does the lacunar ligament contribute to? (2)

A
  • medial boundary of the femoral ring

- subinguinal hiatus

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28
Q

What does the reflected ligament of Colles form?

A

The inferior margin of the superficial inguinal ring

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29
Q

What fibers make up the iliopectineal arch / ligament?

A

Fused iliac and psoas fascia (along with fibers from inguinal ligament)

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30
Q

What does the iliopectineal arch / ligament divide?

A

It divides the space deep to the inguinal ligament into the lateral muscular lacuna and the medial vascular lacuna

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31
Q

Which 2 tendons make up the inguinal falx / conjoint tendon?

A

transverse abdominus and internal oblique

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32
Q

Which wall does the conjoint tendon contribute to?

A

To the posterior wall of inguinal canal

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33
Q

In which fascia / aponeurosis is the opening for the deep inguinal ring?

A

in the transversalis fascia

34
Q

What enters through the deep inguinal ring?

A

ductus deferens or round ligament and gonadal vessels

35
Q

What are the medial and inferior borders of the deep inguinal ring?

A

medial : lateral umbilical fold (inferior epigastric vessels)
inferior : iliopubic tract

36
Q

Through which inguinal ring do indirect inguinal hernias go through?

A

through the deep inguinal ring

37
Q

In which fascia / aponeurosis is the opening for the superficial inguinal ring?

A

in the aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle

38
Q

What forms the roof of the inguinal canal? (2)

A
  • Internal oblique

- Transverse abdominus

39
Q

What forms the anterior wall of the inguinal canal? (2)

A
  • Aponeurosis of external oblique

- Aponeurosis of internal oblique (laterally)

40
Q

What forms the floor of the inguinal canal?

A

The inguinal ligament

41
Q

What forms the posterior wall of the inguinal canal?

A
  • Transversalis fascia

- Conjoint tendon

42
Q

What are the contents of the inguinal canal? (3)

A
  • Spermatic cord / round ligament of uterus
  • Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve
  • Ilioinguinal nerve
43
Q

What are the 3 layers of the thoracolumbar fascia?

A
  1. Anterior : quadratus lomborum fascia
  2. Middle layer
  3. Posterior (thickest) layer
44
Q

Between which layers is the quadratus lomborum space?

A

between anterior and middle layers of thoracolumbar fascia

45
Q

Between which layers is the erector spinae space?

A

Between middle and posterior layers of thoracolumbar fascia

46
Q

What are the inferior, superior, floor and lat borders of the Petit trangle (inferior lumbar)?

A

Floor : internal oblique muscle
Superior : Latissimus dorsi
Inferior : iliac crest
Lat : external oblique

47
Q

What is special about the auscultory triangle?

A

No musculature so you can hear breathing sounds very well

48
Q

What are the superior, inferior and lateral borders of the auscultory triangle?

A

Inferior : latissimus dorsi
Superior : trapezius
lateral : scapula

49
Q

What does the peritoneum develop from?

A

from the lateral plates of the mesoderm

50
Q

What connects the peritoneal sac and the omental bursa?

A

The epiploic foramen

51
Q

Which part of the duodenum is intraperitoneal?

A

Superior horizontal part only

52
Q

Which parts of the colon are intraperitoneal?

A

Appendix, cecum (sometimes), transverse colon sigmoid colon

53
Q

Which part of the rectum is semi-intraperitoneal?

54
Q

Which part of the rectum is retroperitoneal?

A

Middle 1/3

55
Q

Which part of the rectum is infraperitoneal?

56
Q

Where is the preperitoneal space located?

A

Bw anterior parietal peritoneum and transversalis fascia

57
Q

What is the median umbilical ligament a remnant of, what used to be its role?

A

Remnant of the urachus, which connected the fetal bladder to the umbilicus

58
Q

What are the medial umbilical folds / ligaments a remnant of?

A

Of the umbilical arteries

59
Q

What do the lateral umbilical folds cover?

A

They cover the inferior epigastric vessels

60
Q

What are the 2 parts of the ventral mesentery?

A
  • Ventral mesogastrium

- Ventral mesoduodenum

61
Q

What are the 4 remnants of the ventral mesogastrium?

A
  1. Falciform ligament of the liver
  2. Hepatogastric ligament
  3. Coronary ligament of the liver
  4. Left triangular ligament of the liver
62
Q

What does the ventral mesoduodenum give rise to?

A

To the hepatoduodenal ligament

63
Q

What is the peritoneal relation of the distal part of the duodenum?

A

Secondary retroperitoneal

64
Q

What are the 3 recesses of the omental bursa?

A
  • Superior recess (behind liver)
  • Inferior recess (behind stomach), obliterated after fetal life
  • Splenic recess
65
Q

What is the gastrocolic ligament formed by?

A

greater omentum (4 layers) with transverse mesocolon (2 layers), making it 6 layers

66
Q

What 2 structures does the transverse mesocolon connect?

A

Transverse colon to the posterior abdominal wall

67
Q

What 2 structures does the mesosigmoidum connect?

A

Sigmoid colon to pelvic wall

68
Q

4 borders of the epiploic foramen

A

Anterior : hepatoduodenal ligament
Posterior : hepatorenal ligament and IVC
Superior : liver
Inferior : duodenum and duedorenal ligament

69
Q

What forms the gastropancreatic fold?

A

left gastric artery and coronary vein of the stomach

70
Q

What is the highest point of the peritoneal cavity?

A

Subphrenic / suprahepatic / hepaticophrenic recess

71
Q

What is Morrison’s pouch?

A

subhepatic recess / hepatorenal recess, between the liver and the right kidney

72
Q

What 2 ligaments “form” the lesser omentum?

A

hepatogastric and hepatoduodenal

73
Q

Which vessels go through the lesser omentum?

A

Left and right gastric vessels

74
Q

What is the greater omentu derived from?

A

From the embryonic dorsal mesentery

75
Q

Which vessels are transmitted through the greater omentum?

A

Left and right gastroepiploic vessels

76
Q

Which 4 ligaments “make up” the greater omentum

A

Splenorenal
Gastrosplenic
Gastrophrenic
Gastrocolic

77
Q

What does the gastrosplenic ligament contain? (2)

A
  • Short gastric vessels

- Left gastroepiploic vessels

78
Q

What is the Monro Richter line?

A

Line passing from the umbilicus to ASIS

79
Q

What is the McBurney point?

A

On the lateral 1/3 of the monro line, marks the location of the appendix for surgery

80
Q

Which type of hernia is congenital?

A

The indirect inguinal hernia

81
Q

What does the hernia go through in an indirect hernia?

A

Deep inguinal ring, inguinal canal AND superficial inguinal ring

W/Anatomy final (8 decks)

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