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W/Anatomy final > The liver, gallbladder, pancreas and spleen > Flashcards

The liver, gallbladder, pancreas and spleen Flashcards

1
Q

What demarks the bare area of the liver

A

The peritoneal reflection from the diaphragm, forming the coronary ligament (anterior and posterior fold), which meet at the triangular ligament (left and right)

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2
Q

What forms the right sagittal fissure of the liver? (2)

A

anteriorly : gallbladder fossa

posteriorly : IVC groove

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3
Q

What forms the left sagittal fissure of the liver? (2)

A

anteriorly : fissure of ligament teres hepatis

posteriorly : fissure of ligamentum venosum

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4
Q

What is ligamentum venosum a remnant of?

A

of ductus venosus arantii

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5
Q

What is ligamentum teres hepatis a remnant of?

A

of left umbilical vein

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6
Q

What is the portal triad?

A

Portal vein, hepatic artery, common bile duct

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7
Q

What are the 2 ligaments of the lesser omentum?

A

hepatoduodenal ligament and hepatogastric ligament

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8
Q

In which 2 recesses will fluid accumulate if the body is lying down?

A

hepatorenal recess (Morrison’s pouch) and rectovesical recess / rectouterine pouch

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9
Q

Which veins join to form the portal vein? (2)

A

Splenic and superior mesenteric

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10
Q

What is the dual blood supply of the liver?

A

Portal vein and proper hepatic artery

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11
Q

Where is the IVC in the portal triad?

A

it is posterior

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12
Q

Where is the proper hepatic artery in the portal triad?

A

anterior and medial

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13
Q

What is the order of blood drainage of the liver? (4)

A

collecting veins, then central veins, then hepatic veins, then to the IVC

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14
Q

What is the common bile duct a junction of?

A

Union of cystic and common hepatic ducts

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15
Q

What forms the hepatopancreatic ampulla?

A

The common bile duct joining the pancreatic main duct of Wirsung

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16
Q

Where is the sphincter of Bayden located?

A

around the common bile duct

17
Q

Where is the gallbladder palpable?

A

at the junction of the right 9th intercostal space and the midclavicular line

18
Q

What does the mucosa of the neck of the gallbladder have?

A

folds called spiral folds / heister’s valves, that help keep the duct open

19
Q

What are the 4 main portal-systemic anastomosis,

A
  1. gastroesophageal
  2. paraumbilical
  3. anorectal
  4. retroperitoneal
20
Q

What differs with the portal vein compared to others?

A

It has no valve in the lumen, so retrograde flow of blood is possible

21
Q

What is the gastroesophageal portocaval anastomosis?

A

Anastomosis between esophageal veins (systemic side) and left gastric / coronary vein of the stomach (portal side)

22
Q

What is the paraumbilical portocaval anastomosis?

A

Between superficial epigastric vein and lateral thoracic vein (systemic side) and paraumbilical veins (portal side)

23
Q

What is the anorectal portocaval anastomosis?

A

between the middle and inferior rectal veins (systemic side) and the superior rectal veins (portal side)

24
Q

What is the peritoneal relation of the pancreas?

A

It is retroperitoneal

25
Q

What is the endocrine function of the spleen?

A

secretion of insulin / glucagon / stomatostatin

26
Q

What is the exocrine function of the spleen?

A

Pancreatic juice (digestion)

27
Q

At what level can we find the tail of the pancreas?

A

L1

28
Q

In which ligament is the tail of the pancreas embedded?

A

Splenorenal ligament, with splenic vessels

29
Q

What are the 2 ducts of the pancreas?

A
  • Main pancreatic duct of Wirsung

- Accessory pancreatic duct of Santorini

30
Q

What are the 6 branches that supply the pancreas?

A
  1. Superior pancreaticoduodenal (from gastroduodenal)
  2. Inferior pancreatico duodenal (from SMA)
  3. Dorsal pancreatic (from splenic)
  4. Pancreatic branches (from splenic)
  5. Great pancreatic artery (from splenic)
  6. Artery of tail of pancreas (from splenic)
31
Q

What is the peritoneal relation of the spleen?

A

It is intraperitoneal

W/Anatomy final (8 decks)

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