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W/Anatomy final > Fascia and triangles of the neck, nuchal region > Flashcards

Fascia and triangles of the neck, nuchal region Flashcards

1
Q

What is the nerve supply of the platysma muscle?

A

cervical branch of facial nerve : superficial cervical ansa

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2
Q

What are the 3 layers of the deep cervical fascia?

A

Investing layer, pretracheal layer and prevertebral layer

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3
Q

Which muscles does the investing layer of the deep cervical fascia enclose?

A

It encloses the SCM and trapezius mucles

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4
Q

What are the 4 contents of the supra-sternal space?

A
  1. Anterior jugular veins
  2. Jugular veinous arch
  3. Fat
  4. Deep lymph nodes
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5
Q

What are the 2 parts of the pretracheal layer of the deep cervical fascia?

A

muscular part and visceral part

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6
Q

What does the muscular part of the pretracheal layer of the deep cervical fascia enclose?

A

it encloses the infrahyoid muscles (including omohyoid laterally)

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7
Q

What does the visceral part of the pretracheal layer of the deep cervical fascia enclose?

A

thyroid gland, trachea, oesophagus

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8
Q

What is the muscular part of the pretracheal layer of the deep cervical fascia continuous with?

A

It is continuous with the buccopharyngeal fascia of the pharynx

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9
Q

What does the prevertebral layer of the deep cervical fascia enclose?

A

It encloses the vertebral column and the muscles associated with it (longus capitis, longus colli, scalene…)

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10
Q

What are the 6 contents of the carotid sheath?

A
  1. Common and internal carotid arteries
  2. Internal jugular vein
  3. Vagus nerve
  4. Deep cervical nodes
  5. Carotid sinus nerve of Hering
  6. Sympathetic nerve fibers
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11
Q

What are the 2 divisions of the retrovisceral space?

A

retropharyngeal space and danger space

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12
Q

What separates the retropharyngeal space and the danger space?

A

The alar fasia

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13
Q

What are the lateral, posterior and anterior borders of the retropharyngeal space?

A

lateral : carotid sheath
anterior : pretracheal fascia (buccopharyngeal fascia)
posterior : alar fascia

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14
Q

What are the anterior and posterior limits of the danger space?

A

anterior : alar fascia

posterior : prevertebral fascia

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15
Q

At what level do the pretracheal and alar fascia fuse together?

A

at the level of T4

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16
Q

What can we find running over the SCM? (3)

A

external jugular vein, transverse cervical nerve and greater auricular nerves

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17
Q

What is the lesser supraclavicular fossa and what does it contain?

A

space between the 2 head of origin of SCM. It contains the internal jugular vein

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18
Q

What are the 3 muscles bordering the occipital (omotrapezius) triangle?

A

Trapezius, SCM and omohyoid muscles

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19
Q

What are the 5 contents of the occipital triangle?

A
  1. External jugular vein
  2. Transverse cervical artery
  3. Spinal accessory nerve
  4. Trunks of brachial nerve plexus
  5. Branches of cervical nerve plexus
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20
Q

What are the 3 structures bordering the omoclavicular / subclavian / supraclavicular triangle?

A

clavicle, omohyoid muscle, SCM

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21
Q

What are the 3 contents of the omoclavicular triangle?

A
  1. Subclavian artery and vein
  2. Suprascapular artery
  3. Suprascapular lymph nodes
22
Q

Where does the recurrent laryngeal nerve hook around on the left and right sides?

A

Right side : around the right subclavian

Left side : around the aortic arch

23
Q

What are the 3 structures bordering the submandibular / digastric triangle?

A

mandible, anterior belly and posterior belly of digastric

24
Q

What are the 4 contents of the submandibular / digastric triangle?

A
  • submandibular gland
  • submandibular lymph nodes
  • mylohyoid nerve
  • facial artery and vein
25
Q

What are the 3 structures bordering the submental triangle?

A

anterior belly of digastric, hyoid bone, and the mylohoid muscle forms its floor (separated by the midline)

26
Q

What are the 3 muscles that make the borders of the carotid triangle?

A

superior belly of omohyoid, SCM and posterior belly of digastric

27
Q

What are the 6 contents of the carotid triangle?

A
  • Carotid sheath
  • Hypoglossal nerve
  • Superior root of ansa cervicalis
  • Spinal accessory nerve
  • Thyroid gland
  • Deep cervical lymph nodes
28
Q

What are the 3 borders of the muscular (omotracheal) triangle?

A
  • Superior belly of omohyoid
  • SCM
  • Midline of the anterior neck
29
Q

What are the lateral, inferior, superior and roof borders of the suboccipital triangle?

A

Lateral : obliqus capitis superior
Inferior : obliqus capitis inferior
Superior : rectus capitis posterior major and minor
Roof : deep nuchal fascia

30
Q

What are the 2 important contents of the suboccipital triangle?

A

Vertebral artery and suboccipital nerve (from C1)

31
Q

Where does the external carotid artery begin?

A

at the upper border of the thyroid cartilage

32
Q

What are the 3 anterior branches of the external carotid artery?

A

superior thyroid, lingual, facial

33
Q

What are the 2 posterior branches of the external carotid artery?

A

occipital, posterior auricular

34
Q

What is the ascending branch of the external carotid artery?

A

ascending pharyngeal

35
Q

What are the 2 terminal branches of the external carotid artery?

A

Maxillary and superficial temporal artery

36
Q

What is the termina branch of the lingual artery?

A

Angular artery

37
Q

What are the 2 branches of the superficial temporal artery?

A

Frontal and parietal branches

38
Q

In which fossa does the maxillary artery (partially) run?

A

It runs in the pterygopalatine fossa

39
Q

Which artery goes through the parotid gland?

A

The maxillary artery

40
Q

Which fossa does the maxillary artery (partially) run through?

A

The infratemporal fossa

41
Q

What are the 5 branches of the 1st part of the maxillary artery?

A
  1. Deep auricular
  2. Anterior tympanic
  3. Middle meningeal
  4. Accessory meningeal
  5. Inferior alveolar
42
Q

What does the deep auricular artery supply?

A

external acoustic meatus

43
Q

Through which foramen does the middle meningeal artery go through?

A

Through the foramen spinosum

44
Q

Through which canal does the inferior alveolar artery run through?

A

through the mandibular / mental canal

45
Q

What are the 4 branches of the 2nd part of the maxillary artery?

A
  1. Masseteric
  2. Deep temporal arteries
  3. Pterygoid branches
  4. Buccal branches
46
Q

What are the 6 branches of the 3rd part of the maxillary artery?

A
  1. Superior posterior alveolar
  2. Infraorbital
  3. Descending palatine
  4. Artery of pterygoid canal
  5. Pharyngeal artery
  6. Sphenopalatine artery
47
Q

What does the descending palatine branch of the maxillary artery supply? (4)

A
  • hard palate
  • soft palate
  • palatine glands
  • palatine tonsils
48
Q

What are the 4 cervical branches of the facial artery?

A
  1. Ascending palatine
  2. Tonsillar branch
  3. Glandular branches
  4. Submental artery
49
Q

What are the 5 facial branches of the facial artery?

A
  1. Inferior labial artery
  2. Masseteric and buccal branches
  3. Superior labial artery
  4. Lateral nasal branch
  5. Angular artery
50
Q

What 4 things does the ascending palatine artery supply?

A
  • Lateral walls of pharynx
  • Palatine tonsils
  • Auditory tubes
  • Soft palate
51
Q

What does the angular artery supply?

A

muscles and skin of the side of the nose

52
Q

What 4 things does the submental artery (from facial) supply

A
  • Mylohyoid muscle
  • submandibular gland
  • sublingual gland
  • structures of lower lip

W/Anatomy final (8 decks)

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