TOPIC 9 - Magic Metals

Question 1

Metallic bonding

Answer 1

As the outer electrons are delocalised; this produces an electrostatic force of attraction between the positively charged metal ions, and the negatively charged delocalised electrons.

Question 2

How do metallic bonds allow conductivity?

Answer 2

The delocalized electrons are free to move therefore an electrical current can flow (through metallic materials.)

Question 3

Many transition metals can be used as

Answer 3

catalysts.

Question 4

Do metals combine to form compounds?

Answer 4

No

Question 5

What do metals mix to form

Answer 5

alloys.

Question 6

All metals are

Answer 6

insoluble.

Question 7

Reaction of metal reacting with water

Answer 7

metal + water -> metal hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 8

All metals above ______ react with acids

Answer 8

hydrogen

Question 9

The first _ elements in the EM series react with water

Answer 9

4

Question 10

All the metals above _____ react with oxygen

Answer 10

gold

Question 11

Reaction of metal reacting with acid

Answer 11

metal + acid -> salt + hydrogen

Question 12

Reaction of metal reacting with oxygen

Answer 12

metal + oxygen -> metal oxide

Question 13

The first metals to be discovered were the most unreactive and remained uncombined, these are:

Answer 13

silver and gold

Question 14

equation for extraction of metal through heat alone

Answer 14

metal oxide -> metal + oxygen

Question 15

equation for extraction of metal through heat with carbon or carbon monoxide

Answer 15

metal oxide + carbon -> metal + carbon dioxide

Question 16

equation for extraction of metal through electrolysis

Answer 16

metal ions -> metal + oxygen

Question 17

reducing agents; name 4

Answer 17

carbon, carbon monoxide, hydrogen and methane

Question 18

reducing agents remove ____ from a metal ____.

Answer 18

oxygen; oxide.

Question 19

ELECTROLYSIS: the positive metal ion is attracted to the ______ electrode where it _____ enough electrons to _______. This is a ______ reaction.

Answer 19

negative; gains; turn back into the metal atom; reduction

Question 20

ELECTROLYSIS: the non-metal ion is attracted to the ______ electrode where it _____ enough electrons to ________. This is a ______ reaction.

Answer 20

positive; loses; form the element; oxidation

Question 21

an electrolyte

Answer 21

ionic solution

Question 22

what does the electrolyte do

Answer 22

complete the circuit

Question 23

a basic electrochemical cell requires

Answer 23

two different metals connected by an external circuit and between the metals there is an electrolyte

Question 24

electricity is produced by

Answer 24

the flow of electrons from one metal to the other

Question 25

redox can also be known as

Answer 25

displacement reactions.

Question 26

what is a displacement reaction

Answer 26

where a metal ion is displaced from solution by a metal higher up the electromagnetic series

Question 27

reactions in fuel cells

Answer 27

2H₂ -> 4H⁺ + 4e⁻

O₂ + 4H⁺ + 4e⁻ -> 2H₂O

Question 28

when metals react with oxygen the process is called

Answer 28

corrosion / rusting for iron

Question 29

rusting in iron requires:

Answer 29

iron, oxygen and water

Question 30

a rusting indicator

Answer 30

ferroxyl

Question 31

ferroxyl goes ___ when iron ions are present

Answer 31

yellow to blue

Question 32

ferroxyl goes ___ when hydroxide ions are present

Answer 32

yellow to pink

Question 33

when iron rusts in ferroxyl indicator it goes dark blue because

Answer 33

the blue iron(2+) ions mask the pink hydroxide ones

Question 34

how to speed up rusting

Answer 34

increasing the concentration of the electrolyte

Question 35

how to prevent rusting (4)

Answer 35

paint, grease, plastic and metal plating with unreactive metals

Question 36

sacrificial protection is when

Answer 36

metals higher up in the electrochemical series than iron donate electrons that prevent the iron rusting.

Question 37

galvanising is when

Answer 37

iron is coated in a layer of zinc, which acts like a barrier against air and water, but if the zinc is damaged it acts like a sacrificial protector to the iron.

Question 38

what is the only problem with galvanising

Answer 38

expensive

Question 39

cathodic protection is where

Answer 39

iron is attached the negative terminal of a battery or electrical supply