TOPIC 7 - Kitchen Cupboard Chemicals Flashcards
Balanced chemical equation for the complete combustion of glucose
C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ -> 6CO₂ + 6H₂O
glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water
when glucose burns it produces
carbon dioxide and water
glucose and sucrose when reacted with benedict’s reagent
glucose: blue to red
sucrose: stays blue (no change)
what kind of sugar is glucose
monosaccharide
what kind of sugar is sucrose
disaccharide
chemical formula for glucose
C₆H₁₂O₆
glucose
chemical formula for sucrose
C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁
sucrose
plants make glucose through
photosynthesis
what is a condensation reaction
tgtyyyt
what is hydrolysis
gddfgdf
conversion of glucose into sucrose is done by
condensation
sucrose breaking down into glucose is done by
hydrolysis
Balanced chemical equation for the fermentation of glucose
C₆H₁₂O₆ -> 2CO₂ + 2C₂H₅OH
glucose -> carbon dioxide + ethanol
Conditions for fermentation to take place
warm conditions but not above 50*C otherwise the enzymes will denature.
Distillation is used to achieve ?
an alcohol percentage greater than 15%
hydroxyl group
(-OH)
if the alcohol is a straight chain alkane with a hydroxyl group then it is a member of which homologous series?
the alkanol homologous series.
general formula of alcohols
CₙH₂ₙ₊₁OH
most common alcohol
ethanol
carboxyl group
(-COOH)
all carboxylic acids contain the
carboxyl group
if the alcohol is a straight chain hydrocarbon with the carboxyl group then it is known as
an alkanoic acid.
general formula of carboxylic acids
CₙH₂ₙ₊₁COOH
ethanoic acid is also known as
vinegar
propanoic acid is also known as
lactic acid
uses of carboxylic acids
cleaning, additives, preservatives.
morphine is a drug that is extracted from
poppies
isomers have
same molecular formula but different structural formula.
homologous series has
same general formula and similar chemical properties
carbohydrates are compounds which contain
carbon, hydrogen and oxygen with the hydrogen and oxygen ratio of 2:1
starch is a polymer made up of
1000s of glucose molecules joined together
starch reaction with iodine solution
brown to blue/black
as alcohols and carboxylic acids increase in size
their melting and boiling points increase due to increasing strength of intermolecular forces between molecules
alcohols are effective
solvents and they are highly flammable and burn with clean flames.
