TOPIC 8 - The Eos π-Phone Project (Plastics & Ceramics) Flashcards

1
Q

general equation for the complete combustion of any plastic

A

plastic + oxygen => carbon dioxide + water

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2
Q

plastics are an example of

A

synthetic materials

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3
Q

advantages of using natural materials (3)

A

made form renewable sources
are thought to be better for the environment
have a natural look/feel to them

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4
Q

disadvantages of using natural materials (4)

A

fixed properties are difficult to improve
paint or dyes have to be added for colour
heavy for their physical properties
intricate designs are difficult to produce

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5
Q

advantages of using synthetic materials (6)

A
properties can be altered to improve them
lightweight but strong
many colours can be added
some are transparent
intricate designs are possible
electrical insulators
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6
Q

disadvantages of using synthetic materials (4)

A

plastics burn
not biodegradable
thought to use up valuable resources
concerns over effects environmentally

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7
Q

often other elements are present in plastics, when burnt, this causes toxic gases to form such as (3)

A

hydrogen chloride
hydrogen cyanide
unburnt carbon/soot

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8
Q

the best way to prevent waste in the first place is to

A

minimise unnecessary production of packaging etc.

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9
Q

ways to dispose of plastics (5)

A
re-use
recycle
chemical recovery
energy recovery
landfill
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10
Q

Define: thermosoftening plastics

A

once heated they soften and can be remoulded

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11
Q

examples of thermosoftening plastics

A

polyethene, polystyrene, nylon and PVC.

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12
Q

where are thermosoftening plastics used?

A

plastic piping or squeezy bottles; where intricate or flexible mouldings are required

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13
Q

Define: thermosetting plastics

A

don’t melt, but decompose at high enough temperatures

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14
Q

examples of thermosetting plastics

A

polyester resins, Bakelite, melamine.

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15
Q

where are thermosetting plastics used?

A

light fittings or car body repairs; when strength and rigidity is required

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16
Q

most thermosoftening plastics require temperatures greater than

A

100*C to soften

17
Q

poly meaning

A

many

18
Q

mer meaning

A

unit

19
Q

polymers start out as simple chemicals called

A

monomers; they often contain a carbon-carbon double bond

20
Q

monomer: ethene (polymer and common name)

A

polymer: polyethene; polythene

21
Q

monomer: phenylethene (polymer and common name)

A

polymer: polyphenylethene; polystyrene

22
Q

monomer: chloroethene (polymer and common name)

A

polymer: polychloroethene; PVC (polyvinylchlorene)

23
Q

monomer: propene (polymer and common name)

A

polymer: polypropene; polypropylene

24
Q

monomer: tetrafluoroethene (polymer and common name)

A

polymer: polytetrafluoroethene; PTFE

25
Q

polymers are gigantic and can contain between

A

1,000 and 10,000 carbon atoms

26
Q

Define: ceramics

A

inorganic, non-metallic solids prepared by the action of heat and subsequent cooling

27
Q

plastics with weird properties (4)

A

light emitting plastics, D3O, polyethenol, hydrogels

28
Q

D3O is

A

a SMART plastic goes from a soft material to extremely hard in an instant - used in sport clothing

29
Q

polyethenol

A

a plastic that readily dissolves in water - used in hospital laundry bags therefore reducing risk of infection or protecting coatings for new cars

30
Q

hydrogels

A

water absorbent gels used to clean up oil slicks and are used in nappies