Topic 9 - Ecosystems and Material cycles

Question 1

Name one type of white blood cell that attacks bacteria

Answer 1

producers

Question 2

Which term describes animals that eat plants or algae?

Answer 2

herbivores/primary consumers

Question 3

Which term describes animals that kill and eat other animals?

Answer 3

predators/carnivores/secondary consumers

Question 4

Name a type of diagram that shows the feeding relationships between organisms.

Answer 4

food chain/food web

Question 5

Which scientific term means all the organisms and the environment they interact with?

Answer 5

ecosystems

Question 6

Which scientific term means all individuals of the same species living in a particular area?

Answer 6

population

Question 7

Which term describes all the animals, plants, other organisms, rain, soil and other factors in a rainforest?

Answer 7

ecosystem

Question 8

Which term describes all the organisms living in a lake?

Answer 8

community

Question 9

In a food web, which term describes organisms that feed on plants?

Answer 9

herbivores/primary consumers

Question 10

What is the scientific term for the feeding levels in a food chain?

Answer 10

trophic levels

Question 11

Which type of diagram displays the biomass in all the different levels of a food chain?

Answer 11

pyramid of biomass

Question 12

Which term measures the dry mass of all living tissue in an organism?

Answer 12

biomass

Question 13

Name the source of energy that is transferred to plants

Answer 13

light/sun

Question 14

Which term describes any living part of an ecosystem?

Answer 14

biotic

Question 15

Which trophic level forms the bottom level of a pyramid of biomass?

Answer 15

producers

Question 16

Name two resources that plants need from their environment.

Answer 16

light, water

Question 17

Which term describes something that has been added to the environment, causing harm to the organisms?

Answer 17

pollution

Question 18

Is predation an abiotic or biotic factor in ecosystems?

Answer 18

biotic

Question 19

You might expect the number of predators to drop in an area if their preferred prey species declines in number. Suggest why this drop may not occur

Answer 19

the predators start to eat different prey

Question 20

The malaria protist causes harm when it infects a human. Which term describes this relationship between the malaria protist and human?

Answer 20

parasitism

Question 21

How does the malaria protist benefit from being inside a human?

Answer 21

gets nutrients

Question 22

Which process changes water on the Earth’s surface into water vapour in the air?

Answer 22

evaporation

Question 23

which process describes how plants absorb water from the soil and release it into the air?

Answer 23

transpiration

Question 24

Name one group of organisms that includes decomposers

Answer 24

bacteria/fungi

Question 25

In what form is carbon in the atmosphere?c

Answer 25

carbon dioxide

Question 26

Name one carbon compound found in living organisms

Answer 26

sugars/fats/proteins

Question 27

Which process of living organisms removes carbon from the atmosphere?

Answer 27

photosynthesis

Question 28

Which term describes an organism that breaks down dead plants or animals?

Answer 28

decomposer

Question 29

Which term describes the breaking down of dead plant or animal tissue?

Answer 29

deompostion

Question 30

Which process in living organisms adds carbon to the atmosphere?

Answer 30

respiration

Question 31

Which process causes carbon to be added to the atmosphere from fossil fuels?

Answer 31

combustion

Question 32

Why do fertilisers added to fields affect plant growth?

Answer 32

contains nutrients

Question 33

Name one problem caused to the environment by spreading too much fertiliser on fields

Answer 33

death of fish in rivers

Question 34

Name one alternative to using powdered fertiliser that a farmer could use to improve crop growth.

Answer 34

spread animal waste or crop rotation