Topic 9 Flashcards
Define fatigue
A reversible, exercise-induced decline in performance
Outline the different types of fatigue
Peripheral fatigue: develops rapidly in high intensity exercises.
/ Depletion of energy source (creatine phosphate, ATP)
/ Increase level in fatiguing byproduct (phosphates, lactates, hydrogen ions)
Central (mental) fatigue: develops during prolonged exercise and is caused by impaired function of the central nervous system
Distinguish between high intensity and endurance activity
High intensity exercise involves a vigorous bout of intense activity that may last for less than a second, or as long as 1-2 minutes. (interval training and plyometrics). The major source of energy for this are derived from anaerobic processes.
Endurance activities involve prolonged sessions of low-intensity activity that may last for several minutes to several hours. (cycling, jogging) The major source of energy for endurance activity is aerobic processes
Causes of fatigue in different activities/exercise
Fatigue is perceived differently by individual athletes and may depend on multiple factors such as age, level of fitness and the specific type of activity or exercise carried out.
Physiological - High Intensity:
- Depletion of energy sources (creatine phosphate and ATP)
- Increase level of the products of exercise such as lactate and hydrogen ions
Physiological - Endurance:
- Depletion of muscle and liver glycogen reserves
- Reduction in calcium release
- Depletion of acetylcholine
- Dehydration
- Electrolyte loss
- Overheating
Central fatigue is a significant factor in many endurance sports caused by failure of neural transmission
Discuss recovery from fatigue after sports
Different aspects of recovery can occur at different rates, and recovery rate also depends on the type of activity (high-intensity, team sports, endurance)
EPOC:
- Restoration of muscle creatine phosphate stores
- Removal of lactic acid
- Replenishment of myoglobin stores
Replacement of muscle and liver glycogen stores
