Topic 8- regulation of transcription Flashcards
What domain use transcription factors?
Eukaryotes
What is the function of transcription factors?
a protein that controls the transcription of genes by binding to a specific region of DNA
What do transcription factors ensure?
genes are being expressed in the correct cells, at the correct time and to the right level
Estimated- 1.____ of human 2.___ code for transcription factors
1.10%
2.genes
What do transcription factors enable organisms to do?
respond to their environment
1.______ types of transcription factors that have 2.____ effects on gene expression
1.several
2.varying
Some 1.______ achieve their 2._____ via transcription factors
1.hormones
2. effect
What does ‘upstream’ refer to?
he DNA before the start of the coding region
What is the promoter region of DNA?
-(In upstream region) the binding site for proteins that control the expression of the genes
Give the 2 proteins which control gene expression
-RNA polymerase
-Transcription factors
Which direction is DNA transcripted and translated in?
Translated= 3-5
Transcribed= 5-3 (to produce mRNA)
How do transcription factors enter the nucleus?
-From cytoplasm
-Through nuclear pores
How are transcription factors activated?
through a signalling pathway that usually starts from outside the cell
Where do transcription factors bind to? what does this binding result in?
-The promoter region of the gene
-Allow or prevent the transcription of the gene from taking place
How do transcription factors interact with RNA polymerase?
-Assist RNA polymerase binding to the gene (stimulate the expression of the gene)
-Preventing it from binding (to inhibit gene expression)
