Topic 6- Antagonistic muscle pairs

Question 1

What are muscles/ there function?

Answer 1

-Effectors
-Enable movemnet to be carried out via contraction and relaxation
-stimulated by nerve impulses from motor neurones

Question 2

What are the 3 types of muscles?

Answer 2

-Cardiac (self stimulating)
-Smooth muscles (vasocontriction/dialation, bowel movements, pupil
-Involentary,both are controlled by the autonomic nervous system
-Skeletal
-Volenetarily, controlled by the somatic nervous system

Question 3

1.____ msucles cause the skeleton to move at 2._____

Answer 3

1.Skeletal
2.Joints

Question 4

How are muscles connected to bones/skeleton

Answer 4

Tendons

Question 5

What do ligaments connect?

Answer 5

Bone to bone

Question 6

Tendons 1.____ muscle force to the bone

Answer 6

1.Transmit

Question 7

Give 3 features of tendons

Answer 7

-Made of collagen fibres (protein)
-Very strong
-No elastcity so do not stretch

Question 8

What is meant by the term antagonistic muscle action?

Answer 8

-Muscles are either relaxed or contracted
(When one contracts,s one relaxes)
-When contracted(+shortend), the muscle exerts a pulling force
-Work in pairs- antagonistic pairs (eg, tricep and bicep)
-A muscle pulls in one direction at a joint, and the other muscle pulls in the opposite direction

Question 9

As the bone can’t be 1._____ the arm 2._____ around the joint

Answer 9

1.stretched
2.flexes

Question 10

Explain antogonistic muscle action using the example of biceps and tricpes

Answer 10

To raise lower arm:
-Bicep contracts
-Tricep relaxes
To lower arm:
-Tricep contracts
-Bicep relaxes

Question 11

What is isometric contraction?

Answer 11

a muscle contraction without motion- AMs both contract at joints to keep the joint at a certain angle (maintains posture aswell)