Topic 8 - Health, Human Rights and Intervention EQ2✅ Flashcards
Explain what the Geneva convention is?
International treaties that create rules for war situations, especially offering protection to civilians, medical workers and prisoners (only apply during times of war)
- used when determining war crimes
Briefly outline some of the points from the Geneva convection?
- persons out of combat action due to injury are entitled to life
- forbidden to kill anyone who surrenders
- on one shall be subjected to physical or mental torture - including prisoners
- civilians should not to be targeted
Explain why prosecuting war crimes is hard?
- successful prosecution of individuals and countries who commit war crimes is rare because of the ‘fog of war’ which can obscure the circumstances of any crimes or offences
- evidence can be scarce and not reliable
Outline the human rights and the balance between social and economic development in South Korea?
South Korea has embraced capitalism which has helped transform and develop the country into an advanced, high-income economy
- key to its success attrubuted to firm government, powerful high tech companies, committed workforce acknowledgement and implementation of human rights
- now ranked 2nd on democracy index in Asia and its GDP is 40th in world
Outline the role of the European convention of human rights (ECHR)?
- formed in 1949 to establish better relationships between European countries post WW2
- drafted the ECHR as a treaty to protect all human rights - member states include these within national laws
- include right to life, prohibition of slavery and torture and fright to a fair trial
Outline the role of the universal declaration of human rights (UDHR)?
- set up to produce an ‘international bill of rights’ which is the UDHR
- adopted by 48 nations (not legally binding) and forms a framework for foreign policy, not all countries have signed it
- lists 30 articles that define basic human rights and states they should be protected
Explain the role of the 1988 human rights act?
- came into force in 2000
- incorporates into British law the rights set out in the European convention on human rights
- requires all public and other bodies carrying out public functions to respect and protect human rights
- parliament tries to ensure any new laws are compatible with the ECHR
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Briefly outline the overall government in china?
- founded as a communist country - with a one-party government
- economic reforms in 1980 have seen china become increasingly involved in global economy (now described as ‘socialist market economy’)
- increasingly trades with capitalist world - led to economic success (at expense of human rights)
Explain some of the policies and beliefs of China which clash with human rights - give 4?
- re-education through labour - usually handed out to critics of governments and banned beliefs
- suppression and blocking of the internet and media - worlds leading jailer of journalists
- unfair trials - Chinese judicial system falls short of international standards
- torture - widespread and documented evidence of ill-treatment of detainees
Explain the Chinese governments stance on political freedom?
- highly authoritarian, one-party state
- places bans on expression, association, assembly and religion
- prohibits trade unions and human rights organisations
- controls the judicial system
Ignores and obstructs any international condemnation of its human rights records
Outline how democratic the Chinese government is?
Highly authoritarian and a one-party state - very against any trade unions, human rights organisations and any condemnation of its treatment and beliefs of human rights
Finnish notes