Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

IB Chemistry > Topic 8 > Flashcards

Topic 8 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards AP® Chemistry flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is a Bronsted Lowry acid?

A

Proton donor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a Bronsted Lowy base?

A

A proton acceptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a lewis acid?

A

Electron acceptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a lewis base?

A

Electron donor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What must a BL base always have?

A

Lone pair of electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Write an equation using the BL theory for the dissolving of NH3 in water

A

NH3(aq)+H20(l)–NH4+(aq) + OH-(aq)

NH3= BL base
H20= BL acid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the definition for conjugate acid base pairs?

A

Two species that differ by a single proton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does every BL reaction have?

A

Two conjugate acid base pairs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Dissociation of NH3 in water with conjugate acid base pairs

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

General equation for a BL reaction

A

Acid 1 + Base 2 – Base 1 + Acid 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are thermometric titrations?

A
  • When an unknown concentration is added to a base of known volume and concentration
  • Can be carried out to determine the concentration of a solution
  • Temp of the mixture is recorded as the acid is added and results are plotted on a graph
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Difference between monoprotic and diprotic acids?

A 
Monoprotic = donates one proton
Diprotic = Donates 2
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Examples of 2 monoprotic acids

A

HCl and HNO3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Example of a diprotic acid

A

H2SO4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How to calculate the pH of a monoprotic acid?

A

pH = -log[H+}

Use the concentration of the acid as the H+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Calculate the pH of a 0.100moldm-3 solution of HCl

A

Hcl(aq) –H+(aq)+Cl-(aq)
pH = -log {H+]
pH= -log{0.100} = 1.00

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Where does equilibrium lie for strong acids and bases?

A

To the right

18
Q

Where does equilibrium lie for weak acids and bases?

A

To the left

19
Q

What are amphiprotic series?

A

Can act as both a BL acid and base

20
Q

Reactions of acids (5)

A

Acid + metal hydroxide – Salt+ water
Acid+ metal oxide – Salt + water
Acid + metal carbonate – Salt+ water+CO2
Acid+metal – Salt + hydrogen
Acid+ metal hydrogen carbonate – salt+ water+ co2

21
Q

Features of the pH scale

A
  • measures how basic or acidic a substance is
    -logarithmic scale
    -change in one pH unit is 10 times the change in H+ ions
    -
22
Q

What is the ionic product constant of water?

A

KW =(H+)(OH-)

23
Q

What is a monoprotic acid? + examples

A

An acid that donates one proton ( HCl, HNO3)

24
Q

What is a diprotic acid?

A

An acid that donates 2 protons ( H2SO4)

25
Q

What is the formula for pH?

A

pH = -log (H+)

26
Q

If the acid or base is strong where does equilibrium lie?

A

To the right

27
Q

Where does equilibrium lie for weak acids and bases?

A

To the left

28
Q

What are the methods for distinguishing between strong and weak acids?

A
  • Measuring electrical conductivity
  • Measuring the pH
  • react with an active metal or base
29
Q

How can electrical conductivity be used to find a strong acid?

A
  • strong acids will have high electrical conducivity as there is a high concentration of mobile ions in solution
30
Q

How can reacting with an active metal be used to find a strong acid?

A
  • the active metal will react faster with the strong acid

- strong acids have a higher concentration of H+ ions

31
Q

What is the pH of rain water?

A

5.6

32
Q

Reaction for CO2 and H20?

A

CO2 + H20 —H2CO3

33
Q

What gases are involved in acid deposition?

A

SO2 and NOx

34
Q

What two things produce SO2?

A
  • Power stations as the coal that contains S is burned

- Volcanic eruption

35
Q

What produces NO?

A

An internal combustion in engines where N and O react

36
Q

What are the two products when SO2 reacts with water?

A

SO2 + H20 = H2SO3

SO3 + H20 = H2SO4 ( SO2 reacts with O to get SO3)

37
Q

Reactions of NO

A

2NO2 + H20 =HNO3 +HNO2

38
Q

What is pre combustion?

A
  • When sulphur is removed from petroleum products before combustion
  • Hydrodesulfurisation
39
Q

What is post combustion?

A
  • Flue gas desulfurisation

- SO2 is removed from exhaust emission by reacting with a base

40
Q

State what is meant by the term conjugate base.

A

Has one less proton ( do not say differs by a proton )

IB Chemistry (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions