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IB Chemistry > Topic 18 > Flashcards

Topic 18 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a lewis acid?

A

Electron pair acceptor

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2
Q

What is a lewis base?

A

Electron pair donor

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3
Q

What is an electrophile?

A

A substance that accepts a lone pair of electrons like a lewis acid

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4
Q

What is a nucleophile?

A

A substance that donates a lone pair of electrons

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5
Q

What is the difference between a BL acid and a lewis acid??

A

A lewis acid accepts electrons whereas a BL acid donates protons

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6
Q

What is Ka?

A

The acid dissociation constant

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7
Q

What is Kb?

A

The base dissociation constant

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8
Q

What is one of the formulas for Ka?

A

Ka = (H+)2/ HA

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9
Q

What does the magnitude of Ka tell you?

A
  • The extent of dissociation of the acid

- increase in Ka= increase in dissociation = the stronger the acid

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10
Q

What does the magnitude of Kb tell us?

A
  • The magnitude of dissociation of the base

- The higher the Kb the higher the dissociation the stronger the base

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11
Q

What is one of the formulas for Kb?

A

Kb = (OH)2/HA

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12
Q

What is Kw?

A

The ionic product constant of water

1X10-14

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13
Q

What is the formula for Kw?

A 
Kw = Ka X Kb
Kw = ( H+)(OH-)
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14
Q

Relationship between Ka and pKa?

A 
Ka = 10-pKa
pKa = - log ( Ka)
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14
Q

Relationship between Ka and pKa?

A 
Ka = 10-pKa
pKa = - log ( Ka)
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15
Q

What happens to the pKA value when Ka is increases?

A

pKA decreases

16
Q

Is Kw temperature dependent?

A

Yes

17
Q

Write the equations for the dissociation of water

A

H20 = H+ + OH-

18
Q

Draw the pH curve for a strong acid strong base reaction

A
19
Q

Draw the pH curve for a weak acid and strong base

A
20
Q

Draw the pH curve for a strong acid and weak base

A
21
Q

What is the equivalence point?

A

When equivalent amounts of acids and bases have reacted

  • and the solution only contains salt and wate
  • pH depends on the salt
22
Q

What is the buffer region?

A

When small amounts of acid and bases are added whih resists a pH change

23
Q

What is the half equivalence point?

A

When half the acid has been neutralised by the base and is converted into salt

24
Q

What are acid base indicators?

A

They are weak acids or bases in which the undissociated and the dissociated forms have different colours

IB Chemistry (17 decks)

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