Topic 6- History of Leisure Flashcards
First account of leisure and recreation can be traced back to…
the inuit and aboriginal people of southern Canada
Culturally significant games played by inuit aboriginal people
- aragoruk: inuit players kick a sealskin dangling from a pole
- baggataway: popular team game played by algoniquins and iroquis
Major types of open space used for recreational purposes in Upper Canada villages in 1800s
- the common
- the public square
- church place
- military lands
- cemeteries
The common
land set aside for livestock, wood, fuel and exercise (halifax common)
The public square
open space w pathways for strolling (montreal)
Church place
open space in front of churches used for religious ceremonies and public gatherings
Military lands
square or parade ground adjacent to the barracks
Cemeteries
often used for walks or picnics
History of leisure post industrialization
factories institutionalized the Puritan work ethic, situating work as the central life activity around which other activities would be structured. time away from factory was to restore after long labour hours
Concept of the need for re creation or recreation was born and was more work related than leisure related concept was part of ..
history of leisure post industrialization
1867-1899 leisure and recreation in early years of dominion of Canada
social, political curtail values changed as the puritan ethic towards leisure and recreation began to lose importances.
In 1867-1899 a renewed interest in recreation took place as some activity became..
acceptable forms of recreation for women, ex croquet, lawn tennis, dollar skating
In 1897-1899 commercial sector of recreation expanded as Canada became home to the..
first private gold club in North America
By the 1890s municipal parks had become..
a part of many municipalities of Canada
1885 (rocky mountain park)Banff park established by
the development of cross Canada railway (CPR)
1900-1909 Playground movement in Canada happened as..
towns and cities became increasingly industrialized, and families migrated away from farms and rural communities to work in the factories
1901 National council of women declared that a primary focus would be to..
promote the social welfare of children in urban areas (playground movement)
By 1903 the women council expanded its scope..
beyond playgrounds to include supervised play, recreation and social centres
1907 Lord day act
proclaimed which helped establish the “weekend” concept
1908 Ford model t automobile
allowing a freedom of travel never experienced before
1909 Earl grey donated trophy the grey cup for..
the CFL championship, thus helping establish a Canadian identity to the game
1910-1919 Early formation of municipal and voluntary leisure and recreation services in Canada
-continued urbanization creates a need to provide leisure services in municipalities
June 1913
first full time staff member for implementing a public recreation program hired by the Toronto Parks department
1920-1929 Golden Age of Sport
municipal governments started to accept responsibility for society need for leisure and recreation as service subs, churches and YMCA played key role in advocating for the need to recreate
Golden age of sport in Canada takes place as..
organized sports and sport leagues expand such as public athletic facilities, outdoor rinks, toboggan slides and swimming pools were developed in cities, towns; organized public parks and recreation systems in place
1930 Canadas first national parks act..
was passed, recognizing that “neither could new parks be established nor existing parks be eliminated, nor their boundaries changed, without parliaments approval
During the years of the Great Depression and World War 2 physical recreation became..
a pressing concern of provincial and federal governments
Events of 1920s and 1930s indicated a tremendous increase ..
in involvement of provincial governments in recreation
1920s and 30s witnessed an increase in ..
community involvement in recreation, developments and construction projects began and included an emphasis on neighbour hood playgrounds
World War 2 has a drastic impact on..
the economy, employment and social services including leisure and recreation
June 24th 1943 what became a law
National Physical Fitness Act
By 1943 the impact of community leagues, service clubs, local councils, YMC had ..
shaped the establishment of municipal recreation
1954 nation physical fitness act introduced in 1943 was..
repelled and left provinces on their own to support fitness and recreation initiatives
1950-1959 growth of services, opportunities and consumerism
television viewing became a popular pastime activity, and an increase in mechanized automobiles, motorboats, motorcycles and snowmobiles shaped the recreation interests of the time
1960-1969 leisure and recreation BOOOM with the evolution and voluntary sector services in leisure an recreation had..
already established a rich history
1960-1969 leisure and recreation BOOOM
-public and commercial leisure and recreation services, the consumerism of leisure and recreation, and leisure and recreation education programs took off
1960s decade marked an increase
in number of government subsidized programs for the development and establishment of recreation facilities.
Canadians preferred ..
structured activities that were age group specific and planned
1970-1979 Higher Education and Research in Leisure Studies Come of Age
- general public started to demand recreation as a basic right
- shift from highly structured activities to non-structured activities
March 1978
retreat of recreation professionals sponsored by the Ontario Ministry of Culture and Recreation which resulted in the Elora Prescription
PARTicipation
national program to encourage Canadians to take charge of their lives and get fit
1980-1989 Learning To Do More With Less
decade defined by cutbacks in the public sector of leisure and recreation. recreation departments at all levels of government tried to find different ways to increase revenues and reduce expenditures while increasing collaborative efforts. renewed interest in community school rec programs, tourism and commercial sector entrepreneurship
1980 Canadian Fitness and Lifestyle Research Institute
conducted the Canada Fitness Survey with intent of assessing fitness levels and physical recreation levels of Canadians
1987 national recreation statement was signed and this statement outlined..
the position of government towards the values of recreation
1990-1999 increasing value of leisure and recreation
leisure and recreation had evolved as an industry as a part of life highly valued by society
In the 90s Canadas nation park system became the..
largest one in the world, and Canada’s expenditures on leisure pursuits also ranked amongst the highest of all western nations
