Topic 6- History of Leisure

Question 1

First account of leisure and recreation can be traced back to…

Answer 1

the inuit and aboriginal people of southern Canada

Question 2

Culturally significant games played by inuit aboriginal people

Answer 2

• aragoruk: inuit players kick a sealskin dangling from a pole
• baggataway: popular team game played by algoniquins and iroquis

Question 3

Major types of open space used for recreational purposes in Upper Canada villages in 1800s

Answer 3

• the common
• the public square
• church place
• military lands
• cemeteries

Question 4

The common

Answer 4

land set aside for livestock, wood, fuel and exercise (halifax common)

Question 5

The public square

Answer 5

open space w pathways for strolling (montreal)

Question 6

Church place

Answer 6

open space in front of churches used for religious ceremonies and public gatherings

Question 7

Military lands

Answer 7

square or parade ground adjacent to the barracks

Question 8

Cemeteries

Answer 8

often used for walks or picnics

Question 9

History of leisure post industrialization

Answer 9

factories institutionalized the Puritan work ethic, situating work as the central life activity around which other activities would be structured. time away from factory was to restore after long labour hours

Question 10

Concept of the need for re creation or recreation was born and was more work related than leisure related concept was part of ..

Answer 10

history of leisure post industrialization

Question 11

1867-1899 leisure and recreation in early years of dominion of Canada

Answer 11

social, political curtail values changed as the puritan ethic towards leisure and recreation began to lose importances.

Question 12

In 1867-1899 a renewed interest in recreation took place as some activity became..

Answer 12

acceptable forms of recreation for women, ex croquet, lawn tennis, dollar skating

Question 13

In 1897-1899 commercial sector of recreation expanded as Canada became home to the..

Answer 13

first private gold club in North America

Question 14

By the 1890s municipal parks had become..

Answer 14

a part of many municipalities of Canada

Question 15

1885 (rocky mountain park)Banff park established by

Answer 15

the development of cross Canada railway (CPR)

Question 16

1900-1909 Playground movement in Canada happened as..

Answer 16

towns and cities became increasingly industrialized, and families migrated away from farms and rural communities to work in the factories

Question 17

1901 National council of women declared that a primary focus would be to..

Answer 17

promote the social welfare of children in urban areas (playground movement)

Question 18

By 1903 the women council expanded its scope..

Answer 18

beyond playgrounds to include supervised play, recreation and social centres

Question 19

1907 Lord day act

Answer 19

proclaimed which helped establish the “weekend” concept

Question 20

1908 Ford model t automobile

Answer 20

allowing a freedom of travel never experienced before

Question 21

1909 Earl grey donated trophy the grey cup for..

Answer 21

the CFL championship, thus helping establish a Canadian identity to the game

Question 22

1910-1919 Early formation of municipal and voluntary leisure and recreation services in Canada

Answer 22

-continued urbanization creates a need to provide leisure services in municipalities

Question 23

June 1913

Answer 23

first full time staff member for implementing a public recreation program hired by the Toronto Parks department

Question 24

1920-1929 Golden Age of Sport

Answer 24

municipal governments started to accept responsibility for society need for leisure and recreation as service subs, churches and YMCA played key role in advocating for the need to recreate

Question 25

Golden age of sport in Canada takes place as..

Answer 25

organized sports and sport leagues expand such as public athletic facilities, outdoor rinks, toboggan slides and swimming pools were developed in cities, towns; organized public parks and recreation systems in place

Question 26

1930 Canadas first national parks act..

Answer 26

was passed, recognizing that “neither could new parks be established nor existing parks be eliminated, nor their boundaries changed, without parliaments approval

Question 27

During the years of the Great Depression and World War 2 physical recreation became..

Answer 27

a pressing concern of provincial and federal governments

Question 28

Events of 1920s and 1930s indicated a tremendous increase ..

Answer 28

in involvement of provincial governments in recreation

Question 29

1920s and 30s witnessed an increase in ..

Answer 29

community involvement in recreation, developments and construction projects began and included an emphasis on neighbour hood playgrounds

Question 30

World War 2 has a drastic impact on..

Answer 30

the economy, employment and social services including leisure and recreation

Question 31

June 24th 1943 what became a law

Answer 31

National Physical Fitness Act

Question 32

By 1943 the impact of community leagues, service clubs, local councils, YMC had ..

Answer 32

shaped the establishment of municipal recreation

Question 33

1954 nation physical fitness act introduced in 1943 was..

Answer 33

repelled and left provinces on their own to support fitness and recreation initiatives

Question 34

1950-1959 growth of services, opportunities and consumerism

Answer 34

television viewing became a popular pastime activity, and an increase in mechanized automobiles, motorboats, motorcycles and snowmobiles shaped the recreation interests of the time

Question 35

1960-1969 leisure and recreation BOOOM with the evolution and voluntary sector services in leisure an recreation had..

Answer 35

already established a rich history

Question 36

1960-1969 leisure and recreation BOOOM

Answer 36

-public and commercial leisure and recreation services, the consumerism of leisure and recreation, and leisure and recreation education programs took off

Question 37

1960s decade marked an increase

Answer 37

in number of government subsidized programs for the development and establishment of recreation facilities.

Question 38

Canadians preferred ..

Answer 38

structured activities that were age group specific and planned

Question 39

1970-1979 Higher Education and Research in Leisure Studies Come of Age

Answer 39

• general public started to demand recreation as a basic right
• shift from highly structured activities to non-structured activities

Question 40

March 1978

Answer 40

retreat of recreation professionals sponsored by the Ontario Ministry of Culture and Recreation which resulted in the Elora Prescription

Question 41

PARTicipation

Answer 41

national program to encourage Canadians to take charge of their lives and get fit

Question 42

1980-1989 Learning To Do More With Less

Answer 42

decade defined by cutbacks in the public sector of leisure and recreation. recreation departments at all levels of government tried to find different ways to increase revenues and reduce expenditures while increasing collaborative efforts. renewed interest in community school rec programs, tourism and commercial sector entrepreneurship

Question 43

1980 Canadian Fitness and Lifestyle Research Institute

Answer 43

conducted the Canada Fitness Survey with intent of assessing fitness levels and physical recreation levels of Canadians

Question 44

1987 national recreation statement was signed and this statement outlined..

Answer 44

the position of government towards the values of recreation

Question 45

1990-1999 increasing value of leisure and recreation

Answer 45

leisure and recreation had evolved as an industry as a part of life highly valued by society

Question 46

In the 90s Canadas nation park system became the..

Answer 46

largest one in the world, and Canada’s expenditures on leisure pursuits also ranked amongst the highest of all western nations