Topic 13: Culture Flashcards
Culture signifies how we ..
interpret and experience our social life
Ethnicity
no universal consensus, generally concerned with common cultural characteristics
Issues that shape aboriginal leisure
cultural regulation, sports and game at residential schools, mainstream sporting events
Aboriginal leisure today
- arctic sports and dene games
- north American indigenous games
Visible minority groups
persons (other than aboriginal people) who are non Caucasian in race or non white in colour.
Canadas original inhabitants were ..
aboriginal and came from diversity of first nations
Canadas european heritage helped shape Canadas ..
social norms and institutions unloading conservation values and parks
Since 1990 Canada has welcomes..
most of its immigrants from a variety of again countries who can bring them different experiences and attitudes
How many ethnic origins were reported in Canadian population
250 plus
11.1 million or nearly 1/3 of population reported being
Canadian
2.1 million or 6.2% of population reported being
aboriginal
Major trends in Canada
- increasing number of aboriginal people
- growing number of visible minority
- increase in number of people who are Canadian
Canadian Multiculturalism Act: July 1988
commit the government of Canada to assist institutions with development of equal access and inclusion through all aspects of Canadian society
Ethnic community organizations are a means to..
strengthen ethnic identity through religious structure plus social centres to meet key needs
To date there is little ..
research about leisure and ethnic visible minority groups
Hall and Ryan study
Chinese residents were more likely to participate in passive activities (library, movies) than other ethnicities
Folklorama
different cultural groups working on their own celebrating their own culture
Marginality hypothesis
Based on peoples financial situations, marginalized individuals that is an explanation for difference in leisure participation. “People are marginalized due to poverty or other socio-economic explanations. “
Subcultural hypothesis
Group member cultural norms don’t match with that respective activity.
2 discrimination explanations
- perceive
- systemic
Perceive
leisure participation decreasing when visible minority group member perched that they’re being discriminated against
Systemic activities
institutions discriminating against groups but not intending to. people not aware of their discriminating actions (no intent to harm)
Actual and Ideal affect (positive emotion)
people trying to reduce different between how they actually feel and how they want to feel by participating in specific mood producing behaviours hick include leisure activities
Acculturation
related to immigrants and their children usually, changes and individual or cultural group experienced as a result of contact, participation with another cultural group
VMG =
visible marginalized groups
Leisure and recreation practitioners can ..
conduct needs assessment, focus groups interviews more about VMG members
Develop programs that allow members of VMG to ..
recreate among themselves with other members of VMG and major groups
We can consider the structural constraints that VMG members face when accessing leisure and ..
address when possible
Aboriginal leisure has local traditions such as ..
- reciprocity with nature for survival (hunting)
- close links to the land
- games and survival for physical fitness, strength pain
- social functioning through great gatherings. celebrating community identity, establishing friendships
Issues that shaped aboriginal leisure
cultural regulation
Federal government began to inhibit historical aboriginal practices because they believed ..
as long as aboriginal practices were in place they weren’t able to discover christianity
Cultural regulation for aboriginal forced ..
- to replace traditional activities with church activities
- sports and games at residential schools
- plans to assimilate aboriginal cultural to make it european
