TOPIC 6= CELLULAR METABOLISM Flashcards
METABOLISM?
SUM OF ALL CHEM REACTIONS IN AN ORGANISM
ARISES FROM ORDERLY INTERACTION BETWEEN MOLECULES
CATABOLIC PATHWAY?
RELEASE ENERGY BY BREAKING COMPLEX INTO SMALLER MOLECULES
EX: CELLULAR RESPIRATION
ANABOLIC PATHWAY?
CONSUME ENERGY TO BUILD COMPLEX FROM SMALLER MOLECULES
EX: PROTEIN FROM AA
ENERGY? (3)
CAPACITY TO CAUSE CHANGE THAT EXISTS IN MANY FORMS, SOME THAT CAN PREFORM WORK
TYPES OF ENERGY?
KINETIC, THERMAL, POTENTIAL, CHEMICAL
1ST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS?
ENERGY CANNOT BE CREATED OR DESTROYED, ONLY CONVERTED TO OTHER FORMS. ENERGY IN UNIVERSE IS CONSTANT
2ND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS?
DURING A TRANSFORMATION SOME ENERGY IS LOST AS HEAT, EACH TRANSFORMATION INCREASES ENTROPY OF UNIVERSE
ENTROPY?
MEASURE OF MOLECULAR RANDOMNESS AND DISORDER
TRUE OR FALSE: HEAT IS A DISORDERED FORM OF ENERGY?
TRUE
SPONTANEOUS PROCESSES? (3)
OCCUR WITH NO ENERGY, CAN HAPPEN QUICKLY OR SLOW, INCREASE ENTROPY
FREE ENERGY?
ENERGY THAT CAN DO WORK WHEN TEMP AND PRESSURE ARE UNIFORM, SHOWS WHETHER REACTION IS SPONTANEOUS OR NOT
TRUE OR FALSE: DURING SPONTANEOUS CHANGE FREE ENERGY IS LESS THAN ZERO?
TRUE
EXERGONIC REACTION? (4)
SPONTANEOUS, NEGATIVE, NET RELEASE OF FE, FE LESS THAN ZERO
ENDOGONIC REACTION? (4)
ABSORBS ENERGY, NONSPONTANEOUS, FE GREATER THAN ZERO, POSITITVE
TRUE OR FALSE: METABOLISM IS NEVER AT EQUILIBRIUM?
TRUE
WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF WORK CELLS DO?
CHEM, MECHAN, TRANSPORT
ENERGY COUPLING?
USE OF EXERGONIC PROCESSES TO DRIVE ENDOGONIC, USED BY CELLS TO DO WORK
ATP HYDROLYSIS? (3)
BREAKING OF TERMINAL PHOSPHATE OF ATP RELEASES ENERGY, GOES TO LOWER STATE OF FE, EXERGONIC
PHOSPHORLATION?
TRANSFERRING PHOSPHATE GROUP TO ANOTHER SUBSTANCE, MAKING A PHOSPHORYLATED INTERMEDIATE
ATP REGENERATION?(3)
EXERGONIC, SPONTANEOUS, ADDING A PHOSPHATE TO ADP, COMES FROM CATABOLIC REACTION IN THE CELL
ACTIVATION ENERGY?
ENERGY NEEDED TO START CHEM REACTION
STEPS FOR ENZYME BINDING? (5)
- SUBSTRATES ENTER ACTIVE SITE
- HELD IN BY WEAK INTERACTIONS
- A.S. LOWERS EA
- SUBSTRATES TURN INTO PRODUCTS
- PRODUCTS GET RELEASED
OTHER WAYS TO LOWER EA?
STRAINING SUBSTRATE BONDS, PROVIDING FAVOURABLE MICROENVIROMENT, COVALENTLY BONDING TO SUBSTRATE IN REACTION
COMPETITIVE INHIBITOR?
BINDS TO ACTIVE SITE SO THE SUBSTRATE CANT
NONCOMPETITIVE INHIBITOR?
BIND TO ANOTHER PART OF ENZYME SO IT CHANGES SHAPE SO ITS LESS EFFECTIVE
ALLOSTERIC REGULATION?
EITHER INHIBIT/STIMULATE ENZYME WORKING, BINDS TO PROTEIN AT ONE SITE AND AFFECTS PROTEIN FUNCTION AT ANOTHER ONE
COOPERATIVITY?
ALLOSTERIC REGULATION THAT CAN AMPLIFY AND INFLUENCE AFFINITY FOR MORE SUBSTRATE
FEEDBACK INHIBITION?
END PRODUCT OF METABOLIC PATHWAY SHUTS IT DOWN
