Topic 5 Cersmics Composites Wmd Polymers Flashcards
What are ceramics
Nonmetal size with high melting points that arent made from carbon-based compounds
What can ceramics made of
Clay
What is clay
A soft material when is dug up from the ground so can be moulded into different shapes
What happens to Clay when is fired at high temperatures
Hardens to form clay ceramic
What is clay ideal for
Pottery and bricks
What is another example of a ceramic
Glass
What is glass generally
Transparent and can be moulded when hot and brittle when thin
What is soda lime glass made from
By heating a mixture of limestone sand and sodium carbonate until it melts
What is borosilicate glass
Another glass with a high melting point
How is borosilicate glass made
A mixture of sand and boron trioxide
What are composites
One material embedded into another
Fibres or fragments of a material known as reinforcements are surrounded by what
A matrix acting as a binder
What are the properties of a composite depend on
What it is made from
Fibreglass and its properties
Consist of fibres of glass embedded in a matrix made of a polymer (plastic)
Has a low density like plastic but he’s very strong like glass
What is fibreglass used for
Skis boats and surfboards
Carbon fibre and its properties
Have a polymer matrix the reinforcement
is either made from long chains of carbon atoms bonded together (carbon fibres )
or from carbon nanotubes
these composite a very strong and light so I use an aerospace and sports car manufacturing
Concrete and its properties
Is made from aggregate (a mixture of sand and gravel) embedded in cement
Is very strong which makes it useful as a building material
Wood and its properties
Natural composite of cellulose fibres how together by an organic polymer matrix
What two things influence the properties of a polymer
How it is made and what it is made from
What are the properties of poly ethene depend on
The catalyst that was used in the reaction conditions ( temperature and pressure) that it was made under
What is low-density polyethylene made from
Ethan at a moderate temperature under high pressure is it is flexible and used for bags and bottles
What is high-density polyethylene made from
Ethan but at a lower temperature and pressure with a catalyst it’s more rigid and use for water tanks and drain pipes
What are the monomers that a polymer is made from determine
The type of bonds that form between the polymer chains
What are thermosetting polymers
Contain monomers that conform cross links between the polymer chains hole in the cheese together in a solid structure unlike Thermo softening polymers these polymers don’t soften when heated Thermo Setting polymers are strong hard and rigid
What are Thermo softening polymers
Contain individual polymer chains in together with weak forces between the chains you can Maltese plastics and remould them
