Topic 4 - Species and Taxonomy

Question 1

In taxonomy, an organism is identified by referring to the species name and the genus name.
What term is used to describe this method of naming organisms?

Answer 1

Binomial

Question 2

How info affects order of phylogenic tree, when only 5 individuals from each species studied in percentage similarity in each species?

Answer 2

• small sample size
• is there high infraspecific variation within species?

Question 3

How does the figure show a hierarchy?

Answer 3

• smaller groups within larger groups
• showing no overlap

Question 4

Explain how you can use the songs of fruit flies to show they are closely related, yet still different species?

Answer 4

• same length (sine) song
• one species has an extra pulse in (pulse) song

Question 5

Based off their songs why would two female fruit flies of the same species not try to mate?

Answer 5

• peaks in pulse song occur at the same time and the male peaks are different
• therefore no male song to stimulate mating

Question 6

State 3 comparisons of genetic diversity that the scientists used in order to generate a classification using comparisons of genetic characteristics.

Answer 6

• base seq of DNA
• AA of proteins
• base seq of mRNA

Question 7

If species all have the same first name in their classification what does this tell us about them?

Answer 7

• not same species but are same genus
• so same common ancestor

Question 8

What is the order of Taxons?

Answer 8

Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

Question 9

Does the provided data provide evidence that two populations belong to two diff species?

Answer 9

• do SDs of mean size overlap?
• do you have any body proportions - if so are they the same?

Question 10

Describe a breeding experiment scientists could use to determine if the two populations are from the same species?

Answer 10

• if they reproduce to make fertile offspring
• then same species

Question 11

Scientists obtained DNA from a species that were alive before hunting. Suggest how.

Answer 11

Fossils

Question 12

What can you conclude about the effect of hunting on genetic diversity in named species? Use data

Answer 12

• did hunting red pop size so much that only few alleles left
• are the species alive today from few surviving populations

Question 13

Other than hunting, why might populations show very low levels of genetic diversity?

Answer 13

• started as small pop
• inbreeding