Bio Molecules Nucleic Acids

Question 1

What are nucleic acids?

Answer 1

Important information carrying molecules.

Question 2

Two types of Nucleic Acids?

Answer 2

DNA and RNA

Question 3

What are the components of nucleotides?

Answer 3

Phosphate group
Pentose sugar
Nitrogen containing bases

Question 4

Where are phosphodiester bonds?

Answer 4

Form between phosphate group and pentose sugar - covalent bonds
~create polynucleotide chains

Question 5

What’s the structure of DNA and what does it do?

Answer 5

Stores genetic info
~contains instructions for organisms growth + execute daily necessary functions.
Deoxyribose sugar
A+T, C+G
two complementary nucleotide chains
~antiparallel
~H bonds hold together
Double helix

Question 6

What’s the structure of RNA and what does it do?

Answer 6

A,U,G,C
Shorter than DNA
Ribose sugar
Single stranded
~one polynucleotide chain
Made from RNA nucleotides
Transfers genetic info from DNA to ribosomes by mRNA
Along with mRNA and TRNA there’s over 30 types of RNA.
Structurally similar to DNA

Question 7

What do ribosomes do?

Answer 7

Made up of rRNA - proteins.
~helps ribosomes make new proteins.
Read info from mRNA
~make proteins for various functions
~ mRNA = copy of base sequence from DNA
~~ tRNA brings correct AA

Question 8

What’s the history of DNA?

Answer 8

1800 discovered
1953 - molecular structure discovered by Franklin, Watson, Crick

Discovered semi conservative replication - Meselton and Stahl
~contains one new strand and one old strand of DNA