Bio molecules Carbohydrates Flashcards
Describe the test to show that a solution contains a non reducing sugar.
-test with normal Benedict’s test first
-then add HCl to the solution and heat it in a water bath at 50°, then neutralise it.
-Add Benedict’s and heat again.
- brick red pp if present
Why would using a colorimeter improve repeatability of results?
Standardises method because colour change is quantative.
What is a monomer
A small repeating subunit that can join together in condensation reactions to form a polymer.
What is the structure of lactose
Galactose + glucose
What is the structure of lactulose
Glucose and fructose
Two differences between structure of cellulose and glycogen:
- glycogen - alpha glucose
Cellulose - beta glucose
Cellulose straight chain whereas glycogen is branched
Features of starch that make it a good storage molecule
-branched so more ends for enzyme action, glycosidic bonds can be hydrolysed faster
- alpha helix so compact so good storage molecule
- insoluble in water so doesn’t effect WP
Structure of glycogen
-highly branches structure so can be hydrolysed quicker
-polysaccharide of alpha glucose
How does glycogen act as a source of energy
Glycogen hydrolysed to glucose which is used in respiration
What is maltose made from
Glucose and glucose
Chemical bond that joins two monomers to form maltose
A(1,4) glycosidic bond
Difference in structure between starch and cellulose
Cellulose beta glucose
Starch alpha glucose
Position of hydrogen + hydroxyl groups on C atom 1 are inverted
How are starch molecules adapted to function in plant cells
Helical - compact
How are cellulose molecules adapted for their function in plant cells
Long straight chains
Become linked tg by many H bonds to form fibrils
Provide strength to cell wall
