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GSCE RE > TOPIC 4: JUDAISM PRACTISES > Flashcards

TOPIC 4: JUDAISM PRACTISES Flashcards

1
Q

What’s a kippah and why do jewish men use it while praying

A

A hat/mini cap covering the head. Most men wear it to respect God

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2
Q

Why do men and woman sometimes sit seperately in an orthadox service

A

To concentrate on praying instead of each other

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3
Q

In which direction does the congregation face and why

A

Towards jerusalem to show respect to the temple what was their

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4
Q

What is a tallit(shawl) and what do the fringes represent

A

A cloth around your shoulders to help pray - fringes represent 613 laws

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5
Q

What is the bimah and why is it in the middle

A

A wooden lecture in the middle for the scrolls to be read off. It’s in the middle because it grabs everyones attension and everyone can see and hear.

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6
Q

What is a menorah and what does it symbolize and why’s it important

A

Candle stick with 7 branches symbolysing the 7 days of the week. Shows you pray to God every day of the week, and that it’s a flame it’s that God prescene is always there

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7
Q

What is a ner tamid and what does it symbolize

A

A lamp representing eternal light - symbolysing God in how it’s always on and never turned off so representing Gods presemt on earth

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8
Q

What is the main symbol of judaism what does it represent and it’s importance

A

Star of david
Represents Shield of king david
Symbolyises jews fighting back and there’s strength and power through king david

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9
Q

What is the most important part of the synagogue and why (what does it represent)

A

The ark as it holds the torah scrolls. Represents the original ark of the covenant) which held the 10 commandments

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10
Q

What is the most important part of a jewish service

A

The reading of the torah scrolls

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11
Q

What is a yad and why is it used

A

A metal stick to point at scripture to help read so then dosen’t get dirty

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12
Q

What is a rabbi

A

A teacher to teach about the torah and how to live life as a jew

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13
Q

3 differences in a orthodox service rather than a reform service

A

The service is conducted in hebrew
Men and woman sit seperatley, with men at the sides of bimah and woman up top or at back
All orthodox rabbis are men

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14
Q

3 differences in a reform service rather than a orthodox service

A

Service can be conducted in hebrew, or own countrys langauge
Men + woman sit together towards bimah not at side
Woman can become rabbis and read the torah

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15
Q

Th synagogue provides a space for…(4)

A

Prayer
Study
Charity work
Socialising

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16
Q

3 things the Synagogue provides a space for prayer

A

Does daily services
Focal point for rites like bar and bat mitzvah
Focal point for celibration of festivals

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17
Q

3 things the Synagogue provides a space for study

A

Holds classes to learn hebrew
Fully stocked libarys to enable adults to improve their knowledge and understanding of judaism
Also known as the house of study (beit - midrah)

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18
Q

3 things the Synagogue provides a space for charity

A

Collects money
Collects items to distribute to the poor and needy at local and international level
Supports jewish charitys like world jewish relief, and holds events to get money for aid to those at need at times of natrual disasters

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19
Q

3 things the Synagogue provides a space for socialsing

A

Has a social hall used for varying activites for young people,teenagers and adults
Holda youth clubs dor music,drama and sport
Has lunch clubs and other clubs for senior citizens

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20
Q

What is the tefillin and what does it represent

A

Two leather boxes strapped on upper left arm and forehead while praying. It contains the words of the shema. It shows that the person loves God with their heart and mind

21
Q

When do orthodox jews pray and how many times

A

3 times - morning - afternoon - evening

22
Q

What is a minyan

A

For certain prayers a minimum of ten adults are required ( a minyan) - in orthodox judaism it’s only men

23
Q

What is the amidah and what does each blessing represent

A

The standing prayer including 19 blessings
1-3 = praising God
4-16 = prayers for Gods help ( 6 personal and 6 community requests and a final requesting Gods acceptance)
17-19=thanking God for opportunity to serve him and pray for peace,goodness and kindness

24
Q

3 facts about amidah

A

Prayed in silence, facinf jerusalem
On a weekday it forms the core of all jewish prayer services
Sometimes followed by a reading of the torah

25
Q

What are 3 aims of jewish prayer

A

Become closer to God
Focus the heart,mind and soul on God
Strengthens the sense of jewish community

26
Q

What is a mezuzah and what do jews do with it

A

A small box containting verses from the torah - fixed to doorpost outside house and they touch it as they pass as a reminder of Gods laws

27
Q

What are the two jewish holy books

A

Tenakh - jewish bible, written law - first 5 books is the torah
Talmud - explanation of torah and tenakh written by rabbis over time - oral law

28
Q

3 things which occur in the synagogue during shabbat

A

When torah read, congregation stands reminding them that the isrealites stood at the bottom of mount sinai while moses recieved the 10 commandments

Torah scrolls are paraded around the synagogue giving the opportunity to be closer to Gods word

People touch the torah with their tzitzit (fringes of tallit) then touch their lips with the tzitzit showing Gods word is on their lips

29
Q

Whem,what and importance of the naming ceremony

A

When - orthodox baby girls named on first shabbat after birth, in reform ceremony can be held on any shabbt

What - orthodox - girls father recites a torah blessing and asks God for good health of his wife and baby, then girls name is announced. Reform - both parents take part in ceremony

Importance - formally introduces the baby to the jewish community and God. Names are considered powerful, parents are saying something about the hope they have for their child

30
Q

When,what and importance of Brit Milah

A

When - at home surrounded by family and friends when baby is 8 days old and. This fuffils covenant God made with abraham.

What - close friend of family places baby on an empty chair symbolysing prescene of profit elijah. Next a mohel places baby on knee of friend or relative ( honoured role often to boys grandfather). The father then blesses his son with others responding. Then another blessing said and babys name is formally announced and the foreskin is removed with family and guests enjoying a celebatory meal.

Importance - circumcision is seen as lifelong reminder that the person is a member of Gods chosem people( the jews). This upholds Gods covenant with abraham

31
Q

What is bar and bat mitzvah

A

Bar - celebration of boy coming of age (13) - literslly meaning son of the commandment
Bat - celebration of girl coming of age (12) - literally daughter of the commandment (only in reform judaism)

32
Q

Quote supporting idea that marriage creates a spirtual bond bewteen the couple

A

Genesis 2 from torah

33
Q

When and where do jewish weddings take place

A

In a synaggoue or a hotel, on any day except shabbt or a festival

34
Q

What are the 2 stages of jewish marriage

A

Betrothal - engaged to each other for usually around 12 months part of jewish law and cank’t be broken. Couple can’t live together during this time, but prepare for their future lives together

Marriage itself

35
Q

4 parts of jewish wedding

A

1.-betrothal ceremony - bride and groom meet under a canopy ( chuppah) which faces jeruslame symbolysing couples home. Bride circles groom and couple recite two blessings over wine and at orthodox the groom places a ring on the brides finger. In reform both exchange rings

2.-marriage contract - signed infront of witnesses,read out and given to bride. For orthodox couples this includes legal righrs such as inhertianc upon death. For reform the contract sets out mutual hopes for the marriage

3.- marriage itself- family member recites seven blessings, and rabbi makes short speech and blesses the couple. The groom breaks a glass wrapped in cloth under his heeel to show regret for destruction of the temple in jerusalem and to symbolize that in life their is hardship and joy.

4.- wedding reception- couple spend short time together in a private room to symbolise their new status as married. With a reception following involving music,food and dance

36
Q

2 jewish mourning aims

A

1.- to show respect for the dead person
2.- to offer comofort to loved ones

37
Q

What occurs in the 4 jewish periods of mourning

A

1.(24 hours) - soul of person hasn’t fully left so close family members stay close until burial so the soul is comforted and supported

2.(1 week) - close loved ones stay at home, sit on low stools on the floor and don’t wear leather,shave,cut hair and can’t work, no make up/no mirrors and say regular prayers

3.(30 days) - normal life resumes for close loved ones however they don’t go to parties or concerts, or travel for pleasure but no longer confined to the home.

4.-(11 months) - continue with normal life however closest loved ones still may not attend parties

38
Q

3 facts about pesach

A

Takes place in early spring
Over 8 day period
Celebrates passover

39
Q

2 preparations for pesach

A

Make unleavend bread
Thorougly clean house of all crumbs

40
Q

3 reasosn why pesach is so important

A

Celebrates passover, fufilling Gods covenant with abraham showing they are Gods people and God hasn’t abanoned them

A chance for jews to thamk God for saving them

Helps jews remebers and feel sympathy with those living under opression/slavery in the modern world

41
Q

3 items in the seder meal (during pesach) and what they represent

A

Salt water - reminds jews of sweat and tears of the slaves
Roasted egg - symbol of harshness of the egyptians and the new life offered to the jews of god
Parsley - symbol of fresh start God gave the isrealites

42
Q

What is rosh hashinah

A

It’s the jewish new year period ( late september). Last 10 days and finished with yom kippur. Gods judgement can be influenced during this time so jewish people make up for their wrong doings over the last year(atonement)

43
Q

3 ways jews celerbrate rosh hashanah

A

1.-special meal at home
2.-special prayers said at meal
3.-there’s a special synogogue service

44
Q

3 ways yom kippur is observed

A

No work is done
White is worn as symbol of purity
Most of day spent at the synagogue

45
Q

What is kosher

A

Food jews are allowed to eat

46
Q

What is trefah

A

Food jews aren’t allowed to eat(non-kosher)

47
Q

The 4 jewish food laws

A

1.-Certain types of food can’t be eaten. Animals can only be eaten if they have a split hoof or chew the cud (have severed stomach)

2.-meat must not be mixed with dairy, meaning avoiding mixing food asociated with life(milk) and food linked with death (meat)

3.- must keep a kosher kitchen, a fully kosher household should have two sets if pots,pans and dishes one for diary and one for meat

4.- animals must be killed according to jewish law - animal must be health,must have throat slit by a trained jew( which limits the suffering), and blood must be drained from it ( blood is non kosher)

48
Q

3 reasons for kosher

A

Found in torash (jewish holy book - levicitus 11 and deutronomy 14) with the talmud explaining perfectly why these laws should be put into practise.

You can’t just pick and choose laws to follow - therefore not proper jew

Can be more healthy as the rules were thought originally for health and hygiene so that’s why they should still be followed

49
Q

3 reasons against kosher

A

1.- inconvienient for people when they go to partys or dinner with friends or family

2.- cost for two kitchens and equipment expensive along with the food so hard for some

3.-people should be allowed to set own dietary rules based on what they need and some may have allergies what affects them

GSCE RE (6 decks)

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