Topic 37

Question 1

What is the unit of source activity?

Answer 1

The Bequerel (Bq 1)

Disintegration/second

A = (0.693/T_1/2) nN_A

Question 2

What is the unit of Radiation Exposure?

Answer 2

The Röntgen (1 R)

X = Q/m

Question 3

What is the unit of Absorbed Dose?

Answer 3

The Rad / The Gray

1 Gy = 100 rad

D = E/m

Question 4

What is the unit of Biologically Equivilant Dose/Dose Equivilent?

Answer 4

The Rem / The Sievert

H = D(Gy) x QF

Question 5

Equation to calculate the Effective Dose

Answer 5

E = Σ w_iH_i

Question 6

Describe the effective dose

Answer 6

The weighted sum of dose equivilents.

Takes into account the sensitivity of different organs to radiation

Question 7

Describe the effect of nuclear radiation on Biological systems

Answer 7

Radiation leaves a trail of ionised atoms along its bath in a tissue. It can disrupt a cell.

Question 8

Describe non-proportionality of transferred energy

Answer 8

The biological effect of ionising radiation is strikingly non-proportional to the energy transferred.