Topic 3 - Timber Flashcards
what are some features of butt joints
they are the most basic joint. the corner is joined by glue and/or pins. the joint is simple to construct bacuse it is made of 2 pieces of timber that are butted together at the ends. the joing isn’t very strong. it is easy to make
what are some products where butt joints are used
framing in building construction. platform framing. box/cabinet/frame making. woodwork toys
what are some strengths of butt joints
easy/simple/quick to make
what are some weakness of butt joints
weak joint as it relies on glue. not very aesthetically pleasing. can easily be broken apart. won’t last for a long time
what are some features of finger joints
finger joints are made are made by cutting a set of contemporary interlocking profiles in 2 pieces of wood, which are then glued. it is ideal for box constructions. the fingers are lined up with each other and should fit together without any gaps
what are some products where finger joints are used
jewellery boxes. cabinet construction. kitchen cupboards
what are some strengths of finger joints
makes a strong joint. less wood wasted wgen manufacturing
what are some weaknesses of finger joints
can come out crooked. hard to achieve. not very visually appealing
what are 2 examples of box joints
finger joints and butt joints
what are some features of bridle joints
bridle joints are similar to mortise and tenon joint. the joint can be used on corners. it is a strong joint that can be reinforced with pegs
what are some products where bridle joints are used
frames and to join rails, legs and stiles
what are some strengths of bridle joints
strong - good for joining 2 pieces together. good for constructing narrow frames. simple join to cut
what are some weaknesses of bridle joints
if not cut accurately, the joint won’t be neat
what are some features of halving joints
mainly used in framework and is moderately difficult to construct because it constists of 2 channels that interlock and are bonded together with adhesives and sometimes a nail/screw is added for extra strength. this type of joint is useful for supporting or increasing the strength of 2 pieces of timber
what are some products where halving joints are used
sometimes these joints can be seen on the strengthening rails of tables and chairs
what are some strengths of halving joints
strong joint and quick to make
what are some weaknesses of halving joints
difficult to construct
what are 2 examples of frame joints
bridle joint and halving joint
what are the 2 groups natural timber is classified into
softwoods and hardwoods
what are some features of softwood
comes from coniferous trees. is evergreen. trees have needles rather than leaves.is quick growing. has seeds that are housed in cones. is extensively used in joinery. is generally less expensive than hardwood. has generally poor resistance to decay
what are 3 different types of softwood
larch, pine and spruce
what are some features of larch
reddish in colour with an open grain. good resistance to rot. used for garden fencing and patio decking
what are some features of pine
yellow in colour with a contrasting darker grain.. usually contains many knots. used for interior joinery and furniture
what are some features of spruce
creamy white in colour. close grain and lightweight. used for interior furniture and stringed musical instruments
what are some features of hardwood
comes from deciduous trees. trees love their leaves in winter. trees have broad leaves. is slower growing than softwood. has seeds that are housed in fruit. is generally more expensive than softwood. is generally good resistance to decay
what are 4 different types of hardwood
oak, beech, mahogany, balsa
what are some features of oak
hard, tough and durable. used for timber framed buildings and high quality furniture
what are some features of beech
hard, strong and does not splinter. used for children’s wooden toys, benches, furniture and tool hanches
what are some features of mahogany
attractive, deep reddish brown colour. relatively easy to work. accepts are highh quality funish. used for high quality furniture
what are the 2 groups manufactured timber is classified into
laminated boards and compressed boards
what are laminated boards
laminated boards are several layers (veneers) of wood glued together
what are compressed boards
compressed boards are particles, chips or flakes of wood glue together under pressure
what are some advantages of manufactured timber
they are available in large sheets (2440 mm by 1200mm). they have consistent properties. they are less likely to twist, warp or split. some use recycled or low grade timber. they can be faced with a venner to improve their aesthetic property. they are suited to CNC machining
what are 3 types of manufactured timber
plywood, MDF, chipboard
what are some features of plywood
made from several layers of veneer, glued with the grain placed at 90° to the next. used in furniture, flooring, roofing and boat building
what are some features of MDF (medium density fibreboard)
made from fine fibres of low grade of wood that is glued, under pressure, with a formaldehyde resin. used extensively in ‘self assembly’ furniture. usually veneered to enhane its appearance
what are some features of chipboard
made from chips of low grade wood that is glued together under pressure. used extensively for kitchen worktops where it is usually covered with a polymer laminate such as melamine formaldehyde (MF)
what are 4 different conversion processes
baulk cut, through and through cut, tangential cut, quater cut
description of a baulk cut
this is the simplist form of conversion. the trunk is simply cut into a square or rectangular section. this involves the bark and evens up the trunk
what is a common use of a baulk cut
beams in the construction of timber framed buidings
description of a through and through cut
this is the most popular form of conversion and involves sawing the trunk into planks. it is a simple and cost effecrive method; however it can lead to a number of problems with warping and twisting. this stock form is most commonly used with softwoods
what is a common use of a through and through cut
many areas of general joinery
description of a tangential cut
during this form of conversion the trunk it cut tangentially to the circular trunk. this produces an attractive grain pattern and the wood is less likely to warp and twist. this method is used both for softwoods and hardwoods
what is a common use of a tangential cut
manufacturing of furniture
description of a quater cut
this is a complex method of conversion that produces a lot of waste. it is expensive in terms of its financial cost and its impact on the environemnt. the trunk is cut radially out from the centre. this stock form of wood is generally used for expensive hardwoods
what is a common use of a quater cut
manufacturing of high quality furniture
what are some properties of balsa
white or tan colour lightweight. strong/durable. easy to work. very soft. hgh strength to weight ratio
