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GCSE Design Tech > Topic 3 - Timber > Flashcards

Topic 3 - Timber Flashcards

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1
Q

what are some features of butt joints

A

they are the most basic joint. the corner is joined by glue and/or pins. the joint is simple to construct bacuse it is made of 2 pieces of timber that are butted together at the ends. the joing isn’t very strong. it is easy to make

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2
Q

what are some products where butt joints are used

A

framing in building construction. platform framing. box/cabinet/frame making. woodwork toys

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3
Q

what are some strengths of butt joints

A

easy/simple/quick to make

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4
Q

what are some weakness of butt joints

A

weak joint as it relies on glue. not very aesthetically pleasing. can easily be broken apart. won’t last for a long time

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5
Q

what are some features of finger joints

A

finger joints are made are made by cutting a set of contemporary interlocking profiles in 2 pieces of wood, which are then glued. it is ideal for box constructions. the fingers are lined up with each other and should fit together without any gaps

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6
Q

what are some products where finger joints are used

A

jewellery boxes. cabinet construction. kitchen cupboards

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7
Q

what are some strengths of finger joints

A

makes a strong joint. less wood wasted wgen manufacturing

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8
Q

what are some weaknesses of finger joints

A

can come out crooked. hard to achieve. not very visually appealing

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9
Q

what are 2 examples of box joints

A

finger joints and butt joints

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10
Q

what are some features of bridle joints

A

bridle joints are similar to mortise and tenon joint. the joint can be used on corners. it is a strong joint that can be reinforced with pegs

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11
Q

what are some products where bridle joints are used

A

frames and to join rails, legs and stiles

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12
Q

what are some strengths of bridle joints

A

strong - good for joining 2 pieces together. good for constructing narrow frames. simple join to cut

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13
Q

what are some weaknesses of bridle joints

A

if not cut accurately, the joint won’t be neat

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14
Q

what are some features of halving joints

A

mainly used in framework and is moderately difficult to construct because it constists of 2 channels that interlock and are bonded together with adhesives and sometimes a nail/screw is added for extra strength. this type of joint is useful for supporting or increasing the strength of 2 pieces of timber

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15
Q

what are some products where halving joints are used

A

sometimes these joints can be seen on the strengthening rails of tables and chairs

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16
Q

what are some strengths of halving joints

A

strong joint and quick to make

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17
Q

what are some weaknesses of halving joints

A

difficult to construct

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18
Q

what are 2 examples of frame joints

A

bridle joint and halving joint

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19
Q

what are the 2 groups natural timber is classified into

A

softwoods and hardwoods

20
Q

what are some features of softwood

A

comes from coniferous trees. is evergreen. trees have needles rather than leaves.is quick growing. has seeds that are housed in cones. is extensively used in joinery. is generally less expensive than hardwood. has generally poor resistance to decay

21
Q

what are 3 different types of softwood

A

larch, pine and spruce

22
Q

what are some features of larch

A

reddish in colour with an open grain. good resistance to rot. used for garden fencing and patio decking

23
Q

what are some features of pine

A

yellow in colour with a contrasting darker grain.. usually contains many knots. used for interior joinery and furniture

24
Q

what are some features of spruce

A

creamy white in colour. close grain and lightweight. used for interior furniture and stringed musical instruments

25
Q

what are some features of hardwood

A

comes from deciduous trees. trees love their leaves in winter. trees have broad leaves. is slower growing than softwood. has seeds that are housed in fruit. is generally more expensive than softwood. is generally good resistance to decay

26
Q

what are 4 different types of hardwood

A

oak, beech, mahogany, balsa

27
Q

what are some features of oak

A

hard, tough and durable. used for timber framed buildings and high quality furniture

28
Q

what are some features of beech

A

hard, strong and does not splinter. used for children’s wooden toys, benches, furniture and tool hanches

29
Q

what are some features of mahogany

A

attractive, deep reddish brown colour. relatively easy to work. accepts are highh quality funish. used for high quality furniture

30
Q

what are the 2 groups manufactured timber is classified into

A

laminated boards and compressed boards

31
Q

what are laminated boards

A

laminated boards are several layers (veneers) of wood glued together

32
Q

what are compressed boards

A

compressed boards are particles, chips or flakes of wood glue together under pressure

33
Q

what are some advantages of manufactured timber

A

they are available in large sheets (2440 mm by 1200mm). they have consistent properties. they are less likely to twist, warp or split. some use recycled or low grade timber. they can be faced with a venner to improve their aesthetic property. they are suited to CNC machining

34
Q

what are 3 types of manufactured timber

A

plywood, MDF, chipboard

35
Q

what are some features of plywood

A

made from several layers of veneer, glued with the grain placed at 90° to the next. used in furniture, flooring, roofing and boat building

36
Q

what are some features of MDF (medium density fibreboard)

A

made from fine fibres of low grade of wood that is glued, under pressure, with a formaldehyde resin. used extensively in ‘self assembly’ furniture. usually veneered to enhane its appearance

37
Q

what are some features of chipboard

A

made from chips of low grade wood that is glued together under pressure. used extensively for kitchen worktops where it is usually covered with a polymer laminate such as melamine formaldehyde (MF)

38
Q

what are 4 different conversion processes

A

baulk cut, through and through cut, tangential cut, quater cut

39
Q

description of a baulk cut

A

this is the simplist form of conversion. the trunk is simply cut into a square or rectangular section. this involves the bark and evens up the trunk

40
Q

what is a common use of a baulk cut

A

beams in the construction of timber framed buidings

41
Q

description of a through and through cut

A

this is the most popular form of conversion and involves sawing the trunk into planks. it is a simple and cost effecrive method; however it can lead to a number of problems with warping and twisting. this stock form is most commonly used with softwoods

42
Q

what is a common use of a through and through cut

A

many areas of general joinery

43
Q

description of a tangential cut

A

during this form of conversion the trunk it cut tangentially to the circular trunk. this produces an attractive grain pattern and the wood is less likely to warp and twist. this method is used both for softwoods and hardwoods

44
Q

what is a common use of a tangential cut

A

manufacturing of furniture

45
Q

description of a quater cut

A

this is a complex method of conversion that produces a lot of waste. it is expensive in terms of its financial cost and its impact on the environemnt. the trunk is cut radially out from the centre. this stock form of wood is generally used for expensive hardwoods

46
Q

what is a common use of a quater cut

A

manufacturing of high quality furniture

47
Q

what are some properties of balsa

A

white or tan colour lightweight. strong/durable. easy to work. very soft. hgh strength to weight ratio

GCSE Design Tech (10 decks)

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