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GCSE Design Tech > Topic 2 - Papers And Boards > Flashcards

Topic 2 - Papers And Boards Flashcards

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1
Q

What factors do we need to consider when publishing and packing with paper

A

1) the strength of the paper/board
2) the colour and and texture of the paper/board
3) the printing quality of the paper/board
4) any specific qualities of the paper/board

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2
Q

What is the stock form of paper/ board

A

The size and weight of the paper/ board

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3
Q

What is paper measured in and what is board measured in?

A

Paper is measured in GSM (grams per square metre) - when paper is more than 1000gsm it is considered as board

Board is measure in microns

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4
Q

What are some properties and commons uses of bleed proof paper

A

Is it expensive, smooth and hard paper. It is very good for high quality presentation work. It weighs 120-150 gsm. It prevents ink seeping through. It is used for presentation work

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5
Q

What are some properties and commons uses of cartridge paper

A

It is high quality heavy paper that is 130gsm. It can be rough semi smooth or smooth and is slightly thicker than standard paper. It is used for sketching and drawing.

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6
Q

What are some properties and commons uses of grid paper

A

It is printed with different fridges therefore a guide for cutting. It is used for model making , initial models and drawings

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7
Q

What are some properties and commons uses of layout paper and paper

A

It is thin and translucent paper suited for marker, pen and pencil work. It is 50gsm. It is used to trace an image or parts of an image/ text

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8
Q

What are some properties and commons uses of tracing paper

A

It is thin but strong paper that is 40-90 gam. It is used to trace copies

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9
Q

What are some properties and commons uses of corrugated cardboard

A

It is a low cost board that is strong, ridges and durable. It is mainly used for food packaging and it is over 1000 microns

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10
Q

What are some properties and commons uses of duplex board

A

It has a waxy texture and a waterproof liner on one side. It is suitable for printings is is used in carton or food packaging. Used for holding hot liquids

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11
Q

What are some properties and commons uses of foil lined board

A

It is good quality cardboard that has an aluminium foil lining that acts as an insulator. User for food packaging

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12
Q

What are some properties and commons uses of foam core board

A

It has a clean finish, even thickness and is lightweight. It is used for displays and model making

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13
Q

What are some properties and commons uses of solid white board

A

It is expensive due to its top quality finish’s it is smooth and white and good for printing on. It is used for book covers

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14
Q

What are some properties and commons uses of folding board

A

It is made from several layers that have been glued together. Used for food cartons and packaging

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15
Q

Why is flexibility and rigidity useful for papers and boards

A

To make 3D products you need paper and board that can be bent of folded without breaking but is rigid enough to keep its shape. Corrugated board is a good option when you need a strong, stiff material

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16
Q

Why is toxicity and sustainability a con for papers and boards

A

Recycled paper and board may contain toxic chemicals which means they’re not suitable for used as food packaging.

Laminated paper and board can be hard to recycle because it’s hard to separate the paper/ board from the other materials

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17
Q

Why is strength and weight good/ bad for papers and boards

A

Some materials can withstand a fair amount of force without breaking - good for heavy duty packaging or products that will be handed a lot.

But stronger materials are usually bulkier which can impact transport costs

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18
Q

Why is cost and quality good/ bad for papers and boards

A

Expensive paper and board makes the product feel high quality. But if is only worth using for luxury products or something that has to last a long time

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19
Q

Which board is good for printing on and why use plain recycled board

A

Solid white board because it has an excellent surface for printing on.

Plain recycle board can be used for something that doesn’t need a good finish

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20
Q

What properties does card based food packaging need to have, what materials should be used

A

It needs to be printable so that the customer can see the advertising and nutritional information. It has to be waterproof and airtight.
A combination of aluminium foil can board should be used because it keeps flavours on and out. Duplex board is also used because it is strong and easy to print on

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21
Q

In flyers and leaflets, what appear can work well and what should the quality be like

A

Some leaflets might be printed on heavier, higher quality paper because it suits a higher quality product. Biodegradable paper would work well as the leaflets are often thrown away. The quality of print doesn’t need to be high as it doesn’t last for a long time

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22
Q

What is laminating

A

Overlaying a flat surface with a layer of plastics or some other protective material

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23
Q

What is coating

A

A layer of particular substance that covers a surface. Examples include clay coating, coated metal and dip coating

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24
Q

What is composition/ composite

A

A material made by binding two or more different materials together

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25
Q

What is a translucent material

A

A material that allows light to pass through but is not completely clear

26
Q

What is absorbent

A

Able to soak up and retain liquid, heat or light

27
Q

What does GSM stand for

A

Grams per square meter

28
Q

What are microns

A

A unit of length - one micron is one thousandth of a mm. it is a small unit of measurement that measured length

29
Q

Where are cellulose fibres found

A

Plants and trees

30
Q

What is the process of debarking

A

Logs are collected up and the bark is stripped off. The wood is then put through a machine which chips it. Then we add water to this, filter this and bleach this. Then we squeeze this pulp and add more materials depending on what kind of paper we want

31
Q

What is the opacity of a material and how can the opacity of paper be altered

A

Opacity of a material is how much light can pass through the material. It is the opposite of translucency. Chalks and clays change the opacity.

32
Q

How is watermark added to paper

A

Watermark is pressed into paper using a dandy roll. A dandy roll is a roller which is used to solidify partly formed paper during its manufacture

33
Q

What are calendars used for in the paper making process

A

Calendars are used to ensure the paper thickness is even and smooth

34
Q

What is a fourdrinier machine

A

A machine for making paper as a continuous sheet by draining pump in a wire mesh belt

35
Q

What is CMYK,

A

CMYK is their term used to describe the colours cyan, magenta, yellow and key black. These are the four main colours used in printing processes. Front the colours all knee colours can be made

36
Q

What does lithography use

A

An oil based ink and water

37
Q

It lithography, ultraviolet light is used to do what?

A

To transfer the image onto a smooth aluminium printing plate - the image area gets coated with a a chemical that attracts the oily ink but repels water so the image area holds ink and the non image area holds water

38
Q

Why is lithography and offset lithography used

A

Because they are fast ways of printing and they give you a high quality product. They are also great for print runs of 1000 copies or more so you can print books, newspapers, magazines, packaging etc

39
Q

How does offset lithography work

A

The image is printed onto a rubber blanket cylinder which squeezes away the water and transfers the ink to the paper

40
Q

what does flexography use and what materials can you print on to

A

A printing plate made of flexible rubber or plastic. The image sticks out a bit from the plate. You can print onto different surfaces like cardboard or plastic bottles

41
Q

Why is flexography good for printing

A

It is quicker than lithography, the printing plates last longer and it is used for large print runs (over 5000) like packaging, wallpaper and carrier bags

42
Q

How does screen printing work

A

A stencil is out under a fine mesh screen and ink is spread over the top. The ink goes through the stencil and print onto the material below

43
Q

What advantages are there to screen printing

A

It’s a low cost process, fine detail isn’t needed mix you can print onto various surfaces or on textiles

44
Q

What are some examples of screen printing

A

Posters, estate agents signs

45
Q

What is die cutting used for

A

Used to cut shapes out of and crease lines into paper and board. It is on card and paper based products

46
Q

Why is die cutting ‘good’

A

Because it is accurate, precise and can be used at speed

47
Q

What are the two blades used for in die cutting

A

A die cutter contains two types of blade. One is used for cutting lines and is very sharp and the other is a more rounded blade which creases the cardboard to created fold lines

48
Q

What is embossing

A

The process of making a relief (raised impression) of the text or image.

49
Q

What is the process of embossing

A

Paper is sandwiched between a female die and a male die. This forces the paper to the shape of the dies. They remain in shape when the dies are released

50
Q

What is an advantage and disadvantage of embossing

A

It’s an expensive process but it adds texture and can suggest quality

51
Q

Why is varnishing used

A

Used to make things look smooth and glossy or matt, do they look more high quality. The varnish can be used to protect and improve the visual appeal of the product. It can be applied to the entire material or specific points (spot varnishing)
Examples : postcards, magazines, playing cards

52
Q

What is ultra violet varnish

A

A varnish that dries when passed under uv light

53
Q

Why is UV varnish used and what are some advantages

A

Because it improves the durability and appearance of the material. It is also a good finish for items that are going to be handled frequently as it protects the paper for example magazine covers. It is a quick drying process

54
Q

What is quality control

A

The checks that re carried out on a sample of materials, products or components throughout production to make sure standards are being met

55
Q

What is the role of a quality assurance manager

A

To check the quality of raw materials and components used in manufacture. To check the machines used and the capability of the employees who are manufacturing the product to ensure the product will be manufacture to the highest standard

56
Q

Why are target/ registration marks used and where are they printed on to

A

To help us to determine whether the print is aligned accurately. They are printed onto the paper

57
Q

What happens if the target/ registration marks appear fuzzy

A

The print will not be aligned and the images won’t be clear

58
Q

Why is a colour bar used for

A

To ensure that the printed images are high quality and that the colour and tints are consistent in density

59
Q

Why is a densitometer used

A

To check the colour and make adjustments if necessary

60
Q

Where are crop marks located and why are they used

A

They are located in the 4 corners of a printed sheet. They inform us and the printer where to trim and cut paper

61
Q

Offer commercial prints create bleeds on their print (print beyond edge of what is needed). What should the crop marks do

A

Inform us where the paper needs to be cut and which part of the print is extra bleed

62
Q

What is a flow chart

A

A method of showing a process or a series of steps

GCSE Design Tech (10 decks)

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