TOPIC 3 Molecular Orbitals

Question 1

is the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in a molecue

Answer 1

Molecular Structure

Question 2

angle between any 2 bonds that include a common atom.

Answer 2

Bond Angle

Question 3

The structure around a given atom is determined principally
by

Answer 3

Minimizing Electron Pair Repulsions

Question 4

shared between two nuclei

Answer 4

Bonding Pairs

Question 5

A molecule that has a center of positive charge and a center of negative charge is said to be ___________ or to possess a _____________

Answer 5

dipolar, dipole moment

Question 6

Most electron-rich region

Answer 6

Red

Question 7

• Most electron-poor region

Answer 7

Blue

Question 8

Any diatomic molecule with polar bonds will exhibit dipole moments

Answer 8

Bond Polarity

Question 9

Equal and oppositely bond dipoles

Answer 9

Non-polar Molecule

Question 10

Bond Dipoles

Answer 10

Polar Molecule

Question 11

electrons of two atoms begin to occupy the same space.

Answer 11

Valence Bond Theory

Question 12

____________ form by “mixing” of atomic orbitals to create new orbitals of equal energy, called ____________

Answer 12

Hybrid Orbitals, degenerate orbitals

Question 13

head-to-head overlap

Answer 13

Sigma (σ) bonds

Question 14

– side-to-side overlap

Answer 14

Pi (π) bond

Question 15

are always σ bonds

Answer 15

Single Bonds

Question 16

have one σbond, all other bonds are πbonds.

Answer 16

Multiple Bonds

Question 17

The elements which have more than an octet

Answer 17

Hypervalent Molecules

Question 18

Wave properties are used to describe the energy of the electrons in a molecule.

Answer 18

Molecular Orbital Theory

Question 19

have many characteristics like atomic orbitals

Answer 19

Molecular Orbitals

Question 20

are constructive combinations of atomic orbitals.

Answer 20

Bonding Orbitals

Question 21

are destructive combinations of atomic orbitals.

Answer 21

Antibonding orbitals

Question 22

occurs where electron density equals zero.

Answer 22

Nodal Plane

Question 23

Whenever there is direct overlap of
orbitals, forming a bonding and an
antibonding orbital, they are called

Answer 23

sigma (σ) molecular orbitals

Question 24

shows how orbitals from atoms combine to
give the molecule.

Answer 24

energy-level diagram, or MO diagram

Question 25

It refers to the difference
between the number of bonding electrons and
the number of antibonding electrons divided
by 2.

Answer 25

Bond Order

Question 26

These molecules are composed of two identical atoms.

Answer 26

Homonuclear Diatomic Molecule

Question 27

is the result of all electrons in every orbital being spin
paired.

Answer 27

Diamagnetism

Question 28

is the result of the presence of one or more
unpaired electrons in an orbital.

Answer 28

Paramagnetism

Question 29

Diatomic molecules can consist of atoms from different elements.

Answer 29

Heteronuclear Diatomic Molecules