TOPIC 13- ELECTROCHEMISTRY Flashcards
is the study of the relationships between electricity
and chemical reactions. It includes the study of both spontaneous and
nonspontaneous processes.
Electrochemistry
is the loss of electrons. (oxidation number increases)
Oxidation
is the gain of electrons. (oxidation number decreases)
Reduction
The oxidizing agent is __________, and the reducing agent is _________.
reduced, oxidized
its purpose is to keep track of what loses electrons and what gains them
Oxidation Numbers
increase in oxidation numbers means
oxidized
decrease in oxidation numbers means
reduced
What are the electrochemical cells?
- Voltaic Cell
- Electrolytic Cell
Energy is released from a
spontaneous redox reaction and Work is done by the system on the load.
voltaic cell
Energy is absorbed from a
nonspontaneous redox reaction and work is done on the system by the load.
Electrolytic Cell
In a _________, the mass of the anode decreases over time as it turns
into ions, while the mass of the cathode increases.
voltaic cell
In voltaic cell, the electrical flow is always
from the anode to the cathode
In Electrolytic Cell, the electrical flow is
from the cathode to the anode
have values corresponding to reduction half-reactions with all solutes at 1 M and all gases at 1 atm.
Standard reaction potentials πΈππππ
The more positive the value of the standard reduction potential, the greater the tendency for βββ under standard conditions.
reduction
have the most positive reduction potentials.
strongest oxidizers
have the most negative reduction potentials.
strongest reducers
The cell potentials of ββ- are higher than those of the cathodes.
anode
The cell potential in a voltaic cell is
always positive
The increase and decrease of concentration is _____________ to cell
potential
directly proportional
When the concentration of reactants is increased, both the electron driving
force and cell potential __________.
(products are favored, shifts right)
increases
When the concentration of the products is increased, both the electron
driving force and cell potential ββ.
(reactants are favored, shifts left)
decreases
Both compartments of ___________
have the same components but at different
concentrations.
concentration cells
is the only factor
that produces a cell potential.
Difference in concentration
The electrons flow in the direction that tends
to
equalize the concentration
Oxidation occurs on the
dilute solution
gives the relationship between the cell potential and
the concentrations of the cell components.
nernst equation
