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(BEMB) x (HCIF) > Topic 3 Hospital Network Hardware Part 1 Routers > Flashcards

Topic 3 Hospital Network Hardware Part 1 Routers Flashcards

1
Q

What is a router and its function?

A

A router is a computer that specialize in sending packets over the data network

  • Connects multiple networks
    > Interfaces on different IP networks
    > Receives packet on one interface and determines which interface to forward it towards its destination
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2
Q

What is the basic purpose of a router?

A
  1. To deliver packets across different networks
  2. To select the best path for a packet to travel and forward packets to their destinations
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3
Q

What are the components of a router?

A
  1. CPU - execute operating system instructions
  2. RAM - contains the running copy of config. file. Stores routing table. RAM contents lost when power is off
  3. ROM - Holds diagnostic software used when router is powered up. Stores the router’s bootstrap program (Content not lost)
  4. NVRAM - Stores startup config.. Includes IP address (routing protocol, hostname of router)
  5. Flash memory - Contains the operating system
  6. Interfaces - Ethernet, Serial interfaces, management interfaces
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4
Q

What are the 2 major groups of router interfaces?

A
  1. LAN interfaces (eg. Ethernet, Fast Ethernet)
  2. WAN interfaces (Types: Serial, Frame Relay, etc.)
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5
Q

What are LAN interfaces?

A
  • To connect router to LAN network
  • Has a 2 layer MAC address
  • Consist of an RJ-45 jack which supports UTP cables
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6
Q

What are WAN interfaces?

A
  • To connect routers to external networks that interconnect LANs
  • Depend on the WAN technology, use different layer 2 encapsulation method
  • Uses a layer 3 IP address
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7
Q

What are 2 management ports on a router?

A
  1. Console port - Connect a terminal for initial config. of the router
  2. Auxiliary (AUX) port - Similar to console port and can attach a modem
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8
Q

What is a router interface?

A

A physical connector that enables a router to send or receive packets.

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9
Q

Every interface on the router belongs to a different network. True or False?

A

True

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10
Q

Every interface on the router has an IP address and subnet mask of a different network number. True or False?

A

True

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11
Q

What layers of the OSI model does the router operate in?

A
  1. Layer 1 - Physical layer
  2. Layer 2 - Data link layer
  3. Layer 3 - Network layer
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12
Q

Explain how router operate at the 3 layers. (From PC1 to PC2)

A
  1. Router 1 receives a stream of encoded bits from PC
  2. Bits are decoded and passed to layer 2
  3. Router de-encapsulates the frame.
  4. Remaining packet passed up to layer 3
  5. Routing decisions made at this layer by examining destination IP address.
  6. Packet is then re-encapsulated & sent out outbound interface to R2
  7. R2 and R3 in the path from source to destination repeat this same process of decapsulation, searching the routing table, and then re-encapsulation and pass the frame to PC2.
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13
Q

How does a router route using the routing table?

A

When it receive a packet, it will match packet’s destination IP address with a network address in the router’s routing table. The routing table (in the RAM) will include the interface to be used in forwarding the packet.

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14
Q

Where is routing table stored in?

A

It is a data file stored in RAM

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15
Q

What does a routing table contain?

A
  1. Directly connected networks - Occurs when a device is connected to one of the router interfaces
  2. Remotely connected networks - network that is not directly connected to a particular router
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16
Q

What command is used to view the routing table?

A

Show ip route

17
Q

What are static routes in the routing table?

A
  • Include network address, subnet mask and IP address of next hop router or exit interfaces
  • Denoted with code S
18
Q

When to use static routes?

A

When network only consists of a few routers and network is connected to internet only through one ISP
When Hub & spoke topology is used on a network (consists of a central location (hub) and multiple branch locations (spokes)

19
Q

What is a dynamic routing protocol?

A
  1. To add remote networks to a routing table
  2. To discover networks
  3. To update and maintain routing tables
  4. Not only make a best path determination to various networks but also determine a new best path if the initial path becomes unusable.
20
Q

State examples of routing protocols

A

RIP
IGRP
EIGRP
OSPF

21
Q

What is RIP?

A
  1. A classful Distance Vector (DV) routing protocol
  2. Metric = hop count for path selection
  3. > 15 hops means unreachable
  4. Updates and broadcasts every 30 seconds
22
Q

How to configure and troubleshoot RIP?

A

Configure:
router rip
Troubleshoot
- Show ip route
- Show ip protocols
- Debug ip rip

(BEMB) x (HCIF) (32 decks)

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