Topic 3- Genetics Flashcards
What is DNA
A polymer
What does a polymer mean
The DNA is made up of lots of repeating units joined together
Name the 4 bases
Adenine
Guanine
Thymine
Cytosine
Which are the base pairs
Adenine & thymine
(A&T)
Cytosine & guanine
(C&G)
How are the two strands coiled together in DNA
In a double helix
How are the base pairs joined together
Weak hydrogen bonds
How many chromosomes are there in a human cell
46 chromosomes (23 pairs)
What are sections of DNA called
Genes
What is a gene
A gene is a short section of a chromosome that codes for (contains instructions
for)specific protein that are used in your body - e.g. the protein for
eye colour
What is the human genome project
Researchers managed to map over 20,000 human genes
When did the human genome start
1990
When was human genome completed
2003
Positives of the human genome project
Testing for inherited disorders
Negatives of the human genome project
Increased stress- if someone knew from an early age that they are susceptible to a disease, they could worry
Gene-ism- pressure not to have children
Discrimination- by employers and insurers,
