Topic 3 -Challanges Of An Urbanising World Flashcards
What is urbanisation
The growth in the proportion of a countries population living in urban areas
In what type of country is urbanisation most common in
Developing countries
Give a prediction that shows how urbanisation is predicted to increase
By 2050 the majority of people in every global region are predicted to live in urban areas
What is the megacity you have studied
Mumbai in india
Compare the difference between 1950 and 2014 about how many megacities were there and what is it predicted to reach by 2035
1950- There were only two megacities
2014- There were 28 megacities
2935- Predicted to be 48
What is a megacity
An urban city with over 10 million people living there
What is an urban primacy
When once city dominates the country it is in
How does a primate city influence the country (3points)
Investment: businesses locate there attracting investment in infrastructure and services
Migration: there are lots of jobs so people move there to find work.
Transport: international ports and airports are often located there encouraging further investment and migration
How does a primate city influence their country politically and what can this lead to (1points)
Governments and the headquarters of large powerful businesses are often located there. This can mean that decisions about development favour the city rather than the rest of the country
Give 3 examples of push factors
A shortage of jobs
Poor standard of living
Poor healthcare and education
War or conflict
Natural disasters
3 example of pull factors
More employment opportunities and higher wages
Better standard of living
Better health care and education
Low rates of crime and natural disasters
A cleaner environment
What are the two different types of employment
Formal and informal employment
What is formal employment
Where workers are protected by laws of the country. (Hours of work,age). Workers pay tax to the government out of the wages they earn.
What is informal employment
Its unofficial- jobs aren’t taxed or regulated by the government. People often work long hours in dangerous conditions fir little pay.
What are the four different economic sectors
Primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary.
What is the primary sector, give examples.
Involves collecting the raw materials e.g. farming,fishing,mining.
What is the secondary sector, give examples
Involves manufacturing (turning a product into another product), making textiles, furniture, chemicals, steel and cars.
What is the tertiary sector, give examples
Involves providing a service e.g nursing, police force, transport
What is the quaternary sector, give examples
Information economy: research and development where scientists and researchers investigate and develop new products.
