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GCSE Physics > Topic 2 - Electricity > Flashcards

Topic 2 - Electricity Flashcards

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1
Q

REMINDER - memorise circuit symbols.

A

Memorise :)

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2
Q

What is the definition for current?

A

Current is the flow of electrons. It is measured in Amps(A)

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3
Q

How are ammeters connected up into a circuit?

A

Ammeters are connected up in series.

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4
Q

What is the defintion for potential difference? (voltage)

A

THe driving force that pushes the charge around a circuit. Measured in Volts.

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5
Q

How are voltmeters connected up into a circuit

A

They are connected up in parallel

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6
Q

What does a voltmeter measure?

A

A voltmeter measures the difference in the energy of electrons entering a component and the energy of electrons leaving. i.e Potential Difference

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7
Q

What is the unit for Charge?

A

Coulomb (C)

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8
Q

What is Charge?

A

Charge is a property of a body which experiences a force in an electric field.

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9
Q

What is the unit of resistance?

A

Ohms(Ω)

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10
Q

What is resistance?

A

Resistance is opposition to the flow of current. Electrons collide with atoms.

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11
Q

What 4 factors affect resistance?

A

1.Temperature
2.Length
3.Width
4.Material

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12
Q

Diodes allow current to flow in both directions true or false?

A

False - Diodes only allow current to flow in one direction. A diode in the wrong direction has a huge resistance.

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13
Q

Go Revise I/V Graphs - Diode

A

Now.

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14
Q

Finish the sentence - Voltage across an ohmic conductor/resistor kept at constant temperature is ….

A

Voltage across an ohmic conductor/ resistor kept at a constant temperature is directly proportional to the current flowing through it.

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15
Q

What is an Ohmic conductor?

A

Any conductor which follows Ohms law

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16
Q

Go revise I/V graphs - resistor!

A

Now.

17
Q

Go revise I/V graphs - filament lamp!

A

Now.

18
Q

What is the rule for current in a series circuit?

A

In a series, current flowing is the same at all places.

19
Q

What is the rule for voltage in a series?

A

In a series, the voltage across each component adds up to the total voltage of the circuit.

20
Q

What is the rule for current in a parallel circuit?

A

In a parallel the sum of the currents flowing through the parallel branches equals the current of the whole circuit.

21
Q

What is the rule for voltage in a parallel circuit?

A

In a parallel, every branch has the same voltage as the power supply/cell.

22
Q

What is the rule for resistance in a series?

A

In a series, the total resistance is the sum of the resistance of every component.

23
Q

What is the rule for resistance in a parallel?

A

In a parallel, the more resistors added in parallel the total resistance decreases.

Resistance of a parallel is always LESS than the LOWEST value resistor.

24
Q

What does a thermistor do?

A

As temperature increases, resistance decreases.

25
Q

What does an LDR do?

A

As light intensity increases, resistance decreases,

26
Q

What happens when a current is AC?

A

In AC, the current is constantly changing direction.

27
Q

How are Alternating Currents produced?

A

ACs are produced by alternating voltages, in which the positve and negative ends keep alternating.

28
Q

What is the frequency of UK mains?

A

50Hz

29
Q

What are the 3 core cables.

A
  1. Brown - live wire 230V
  2. Blue - netral wire 0V
  3. Green and Yellow - Earth wire 0V
30
Q

What voltage is UK mains

A

230V

31
Q

What does the earth wire do?

A

The earth wire carries current away from the appliance casing, in case that the live wire comes loose.

32
Q

What is the difference between the earth pin vs the live and neutral pins?

A

The earth pin is slightly longer.

33
Q

What is power??

A

Power is the rate at which energy is transferred.

34
Q

What is the equation for power loss?

A

Power loss = current^2 x resistance
OR
Power loss = voltage x current

35
Q

What are the steps of how power gets from the power station to your home?

A
  1. 25,000V from the power station passes through a step up transformer up to 400,000V.
  2. This is to keep current low, so that power loss is low
  3. The electricity then reaches a step down transformer, which lowers the voltage to 230V
  4. It then goes to peoples homes.
36
Q

What is static electricity caused by?

A

Static electricity is caused by the friction between 2 insulators, which causes electrons to be transferred from one to the other.

37
Q

What is an electric field?

A

An electric field is an invisible force around charged objects, it can attract or repel depending on the charge of another object.

38
Q

What does an electric field look like?

A

The electric field lines go from positive to negative, and get closer together, the nearer the lines are to the negative/positve charge point.

GCSE Physics (9 decks)

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