Topic 1 - Energy Flashcards
What are the advantages of fossil fuels?
- Reliable
- Short start-up time
- Good to meet basic demand
What are the disadvantages of fossil fuels?
- Pollution(CO2, SO2)
- Fossil fuels will run out
- As fossil fuels run out they become more expensive
What are the advantages of nuclear power?
- Reliable
- No CO2 or SO2
- Lots of energy released
What are the disadvantages of nuclear power?
- Radioactive waste is hard to dispose of
- Radioactive materials are dangerous
- Expensive to decomission
- Expensive to setup
How are biofuels carbon neutral?
They are carbon neutral becuase they took in as much CO2 during their life as released when burning.
What are biofuels?
Plant and animal waste.
What are the advantages of biofuels?
- Carbon neutral
- Renewable
- Provides jobs
- Can be used in vehicles
- Less sulphur pollution
What are the disadvantages of biofuels?
- Still requires burning
- unreliable
- Requires more fuel to release as much energy as fossil fuels
- uses crops for fuel instead of food
- requires lots of water to grow
- Uses farm land
What is the difference between solar panels and solar cells?
Solar panels heat water, solar cells convert light into electrical energy.
What are the advantages of solar power?
- Once setup energy is free
- No CO2 or CO2
- Can be used in remote places
- Renewable
What are the disadvantages of solar power?
- Initial setup is expensive
- unreliable
- only works during day
- requires lots of land
What are the advantages of wind power?
- No CO2 or CO2
- wind is free
- can be used in remote locations
- land beneath turbines can still be used.
- Works at night
What are the disadvantages of wind power?
- Unreliable
- Noisy
- ugly
- not very efficient
What are the advantages of Hydroelectricity?
- Reliable
- No CO2 or SO2
- touristy
- lasts decades
What are the disadvantages of hyrdroelectricity?
- Expensive
- few places to build
- Houses may be destroyed
- Habitats destroyed
What are the pros of tidal/wave power?
1.tidal is reliable
2.No Co2 or So2
3.Free once setup
4.low maintainance
What are the cons of tidal/wave power?
- expensive to setup
- hard to repair
- few ideal locations
- wave is unreliable
How is geothermal power made?
Two holes are drilled KMs deep into the cruse, towards the mantle where there is heat energy. Water is dropped down, heated and turned to steam. This is forced out and turns a turbine.
What are the pros of geothermal?
- Renewable
- no fuel costs
- no CO2 or SO2
- reliable
WHat aree the cons of geothermal?
- Only a few sites available
- Most sites far from people
- expensive to install
- can release harmful gas.
What is TV pickup?
A sudden increase in demand for electricity due to a popular TV programme or sporting event
What are the 8 energy stores?
- Kinetic
- Gravitional Potential
- Chemical
- Elastic
- Magnetic
- Electrostatic
- Nuclear
- Thermal
KG of CEMENT
What is the law of conservation of energy?
In a closed system, energy cannot be created or destroyed. It can only be transferred from one store to another.
What are the 4 energy transfers?
- Electrical
- Mechanical
- Waves
- Heating
What is Gravitational potential energy?
The amount of energy something has due to it’s height above the ground
What is kinetic energy?
The energy something has when it is moving
What is elastic potential energy?
The energy stored in a stretched or compressed object.
What is specific heat capacity?
The mount of energy required to change the temperature of 1Kg of a material by 1degreeC
What are the 3 ways of thermal energy transfer?
1.conduction
2.convection
3.infrared radiation
Why are non metals insulators?
They do not have free flowing electrons
Why do hotter object cool faster than cooler objects when in a room?
The temperature gradient between the hottest object and the room temperature is greater than that of the cooler object’s.
