topic 1a - atoms, elements, compounds and mixtures (9. distillation)

Question 1

what is simple distillation

Answer 1

simple distillation is used to separate a liquid from a mixture

Question 2

describe the process of simple distillation

Answer 2

1) mixture is heated. The part of the solution that has the lowest boiling point evaporates first.
2) the vapour is cooled and condensed and then collected and the rest of the solution is left behind
3) you can only use simple distillation for substances with very different boiling points.

Question 3

what is fractional distillation

Answer 3

complicated distillation but can separate us mixtures of liquids even if boiling points are close together.

Question 4

DESCRIBE THe process of fractional distillation

Answer 4

1. Water and ethanol solution is heated
2. The ethanol evaporates first, cools, then condenses
3. The water left evaporates, cools, then condenses