Topic 1.1.1 - Bonding and ions Flashcards
What is ionic bonding?
When metals lose electrons to become a cation and non-metals gain electrons to become an anion
What is covalent bonding?
2 non-metals achieving full outer shells by sharing electrons, the result is a molecule
What is an inorganic ion?
An ion that doesn’t contain carbon and is important in biological processes
Nitrate ions?
Plants need them to form amino acids to make proteins.
Phosphate ions?
Needed for the formation of ATP,ADP, DNA and RNA. Also needed in photosynthesis and respiration.
What does ATP do?
Carries energy within cells
Chloride ions?
Needed at the synapse for nerve impulses and helps maintain the pH of the blood during gas exchange
Hydrogen Carbonate ions?
Needed for buffering the blood. (Keeping it at a stable PH)
Sodium ions?
Needed for generating nerve impulses
Calcium ions?
Needed for bone formation and involved in the release of insulin from the pancreas
Potassium ions?
Needed for generating nerve impulses and muscle contraction
Ammonium ions?
Important source of nitrogen for plants which is used to make amino acids
Hydroxide ions?
Affects pH
Hydrogen ions?
Needed for photosynthesis and respiration as well as pH balance
Magnesium ions?
Needed for the production of chlorophyll in plants