Tools and Equipment Flashcards
For digging a long distance trench 2’ x 10’, the best equipment to use is a
Bucket line trencher
what should you do if a pneumatic plate tamer is necessary
you should have a second grading crew follow the tamper to make any fills needed for the final trim
open graded asphalt concrete should only be rolled with a steel-tired 2 axle tandem roller weighing not more than
10 tons
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the best type of roller for ____ is rubber tired
sandy soils
an economical and fast system of removing trees is to use a loader or bulldozer with a bucket or shovel raised to the maximum height, pushing it against the tree until it falls. you do not use this procedure when
the procedure could damage another tree not intended for removal
the best piece of equipment for ripping asphalt 4” or less in thickness is a
gradder with attached ripper
tracks sinking until a dozer gets stuck is called
high centered
what is recomended where mud is moved by scrapers
move slowly into the soft area with the scraper bowl down. when the wheel slips, stop this allows the scraper to be pushed by the dozer
the most efficient way to place base material is to have
a controlled dumping procedure
when working with rock, you should not move or blade it much because of
the separation
what is a guinea hopper used for
cleaning hubs off
on large jobs, it is best to use a ____ rather than a grader
self propelled spreader
you must make the first compaction pass with a
sheepsfoot or self propelled steel pad compactor
to mix lime, you would use a machine like a rototiller because
it is fast and chews up the soil while adding water and mixing the lime and soil
when compacting clay soil you should use a ____ roller
sheepsfoot or pad type
the best way to remove asphalt pavement is with a
front loader
if the aggregate is slightly loose, the rubber tire paver is good for paving on aggregate base (T/F)
False
the spill off from the ends of the dozer or grader blade which forms a ridge of loose material is called a
windrow
the type of equipment to use if the ground is unstable when trenching is a
backhoe
trencher
shoring
the roller operator, when rolling paving subgrade sould look for
soft spots
the machine to use when excavating a vertical slope is
a clamshell
you would use compactors to compact 7500 cu yds of fill of an area 800’ long and 200’ wide and an area 200’ long and 30’ wide with 2500 cu yds of fill (T/F)
False
if there are no hindrances long the line, which of the following types of trench excavating equipment would be best for depths of 6’ or less
a wheel trencher
you know that equipment is having difficulty when working in mud if it
has a lugging engine
the operator can snake the scraper out by swinging the nose back and forth, if the mud is too deep or can
set the bowl down lifting the wheels
a method of cleaning the drum as it rolls, when it is picking up aggregate is to
attach cyclone fencing over the top half of the drum
what is one of the hardest pieces of equipmetn to pull out of the mud
a track dozer
what is the best peice of equipment to use in mud
a track rig
the contractor is working on a narrow fill where one of the highway lanes can not be closed. the scrapers are spreading the soil as they are filled, then the dozer operator moves the dozer and sheepsfoot out to the end of the fill when he sees the dump trucks coming, waiting until they have completed the dumping and left. the water truck follows immediately. He has proceeded how
incorrectly, since the scrapers dont spread the soil until they have all loaded and then put together moved into the fill area
breakdown rolling should be accomplished with a roller weighing at least ____ tons
12
initial or breakdown compaction should be accomplished with a roller weighing not less than
12 tons
what do you use a grader for
-trimming rough subgrade
-trimming slopes
-cutting ditches
when digging a 4’x5’ sloped trench best equipment to use is a
backhoe
mud pumping is done when
-the subgrade has a large amount of fine partiles
-the subgrade has too much moisture
when dealing with short runs, ie sewer service, the best peice of equipment to use is a
backhoe
though wheel trenches have a higher production rate than other trenching equipment, thye also have one shortcoming which is that they are limited to what
a 6’ depth and 24” width
working speeds for modern pavers usually range from ____. These machines which are supported on crawler treads can place a layer of less than 1” to approximately 10” inc thickness over a width of 6’ to 32’
10’ to 70’ per min
a ____ should be used when material being excavated is so loose or soft that a hoe cannot find a firm footing close enough to the edge of the trench to reach the bottom
dragline
the backfill material is generally returned to the trench by a ____, when a trenching job is handled mechanically
bull dozer, or doxer blade of excavator on smaller jobs
the simplest type of tailgate spreader is the
vane spreader
the best way of obtaining, from a vehicle tank, a sample of asphalt is by using
a sampling valve in the truck tank
the biggest benefit a dragline has over a hoe is
its greater reach
finish rolling is done with
-pneumatic tired rollers
-steel tired static weight tandems
the purpose of finish rolling is to
improved the surface
when there are no obstacles along the lines, a ____ is usually used for depths 6’ or less
wheel trencher
when a trench is very wide or the walls have to be sloped, you would use a
backhoe
of the followingm which are the four basic types of trench excavating equpment
hoe, dragline, wheel trencher, bucker line trencher
which of the following shoul dbe done first using a sheepsfoot, grid mesh self propelled roller
the subgrade
tow types of straight edges are
-rolling straight edge
-wood or metal straightedge laid on pavement
you should not hand rake unless
unless necessary
oscillating push rollers are to
cener the load to the paver
in placing asphalt course mistures in deep lifts, rock spreaders have not been successful (T/F)
False
the wheels of a truck, dumping its load into the hopper, should ____ contact the truck rollers of the paver
firmly
the roller should follow closely behind ____ when placnig a course of asphalt mix with a motor grader
each pass at least 15 minutes with a pneumatic tired roller
on cohesive soils, one of the most effective rollers is the
sheepsfoot
the main advantage, when spreading a course with a motor grader blade is
the longer wheel base prevents bumps, sags and irregularities
both horizontal and vertical surfaces are generally cleaned with ____ when in contact with new asphalt mix
rotary brooms
when the combination of ____ and ____ forces makes use of the correct frequency and amplitude, a vibratory roller is the msot effective
static
, dynamic
because of ____ a pneumatic tired roller is effective at the wheel load
pressure contact
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what is false about the cable operated dragline
a hydralically operated hoe fast a faster cycle time than the cable operated draglin, therfore a dragline is not as efficient as a hoe
you would use a ____ to apply a prime or tack coat to the surface to be paved
tack wagon, or boot truck
compaction can be obtained, if an area is inaccessible to rollers by using
-small vibratory plates
-hand tampers
-mechanical tampers
the distributor spray bar’s nozzle angle is generally
15 to 30 degrees
what is the most important piece of equipment on a surface treatment project
an asphalt distributor
a machine equiped with a belt, or buckets on an endless chain, used for the purpose of carrying material from the excavation to another place is known as a
conveyer
the most important adjustment to insure uniformity of the asphalt spread, in addition to nozzle angle is
the height of the spray above the pavement
vibrating and steel wheeled rollers may be used for all three rolling phases. Which of the following is not usually used on their lifts
vibration
what is the purpose of the screed as it is pulled inot the material deposited in front of it by the spreading screws
it seeks a level
which of the following rollers should be used on all surface treatment jobs
pneumatic tired rollers
A floating machine used for excavating material from the bottom of a body of water, raising it to the surface and then discharging it upon the bank through a pipe line, is known as a
dredger
when constructing an arch, the scaffolding used is known as
formwork
breakdown rolling should follow immediately after
the longitudinal joints and edges have been compacted
a hot joint between two lanes placed at about the same time is known as ____ paving
echelon
boards of proper thickness should be placed at the pavement edges. In order to prevent damage, if they are not used, transverse rolling must stop short of the edge by
6” to 8”
when the transverse joint is made next to an adjoining lane, the first pass is made with a
steel tired roller
the vibratory roller will run intermediate at
2-1/2 to 3 mph
pneumatic-tired rollers will run at breakdown speeds of
3, the intermediate 3, and finish 5 mph
a procedure that is used for all uniform compaction is to
first roll the transverse joints
crows feet are ____ inches high with a line marked at the desired height of the rock grade
12 ro 24
the majority of bottom dump trucks average ____ tons per load and can set the gate to spread the load ____ lineal feet
25-100
____ can be used to add to the compaction of the fill
-water trucks
-scrapers
-anything running on the fill
a load transmitted by wheels with centers included between two parallel transverse vertical planes 40” apart and extending the full width of the vehicle is called
an axel load
rollers should roll with the drive wheel ____ in order to acheive maximum consolidation
toward the paver
you should not generally use a ____ as the first roller on a large job
rubber tired roller
the most important thing a foreman should provide his scraper operators with is
a smooth haul road
which of the following would you use to spot the hole when working with girders
bull pin
which of the following welds would you use for cast iron
copper/bronze
bell joints are dug with a
shovel
a device that picks up rock and tightens with lifting is a
vise
its important to commence the rolling operation on the
lowside of the spread
pneumatic tired rollers are used for second rolling because
-they imporve the seal near the surface
-they arrance the aggregate particles for greater stability
-they give a more uniform degree of compaction
breakdown rolling should be done with the drivewhell
nearest the paver
on breakdown rolling, you should use vibratory tandem rollers weighing from
6.5 tons to 15 tons
usually, static weigth tandem rollers weigh ____
for breakdown rolling
the edges of the pavement should be rolled ____ with the longitudinal joint, with the exception of echelon and depp lift paving
concurrently
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The most essential piece of equipment for compaction is a
water truck
the type of equipment to use when compacting clay soils is a
sheepsfoot roller
on a large paving job, what type of equipment is used
mechanical grader
the correct type of plans to use on an edge and camber is a
form plane
self proppelled paving machines are used on nearly all jobs of any size where a quality surface is required. self propelled paving machines can receive asphalt in which of the following ways
-by end dump trucks dumping mix into the paving machine hopper
-by a pickup machine paddling up asphalt which was dumped from the bottom dump trucks
what is the least true about self propelled paving machines
three screed augers spread the asphalt concrete the entire length of the screed
there are many models and sizes of paving machines. A few pavers are capable of laying pavement 28 feet wide. The most efficient width when paving is
10 to 12 feet
what is false about pickup machines
the pickup machine isent effective on long passes
efore paving, a paving machine should be waremd up for how long
20 minutes
any area on the paving machine that comes in contact with asphalt must be sprayed with ____ before using. This will prevent the asphalt from sticking to cold parts
diesel
if the bottom dump trucks are going to be hand dumped when dumping asphalt, which trailer should be dumped first
front trailer
when an asphalt mix looks brownish it may be
too little asphalt
if the specifications call for a 4” finished depth of asphalt, how deep should the screeds of the paving machine be set for
4-3/4”
what is false when working with rollers
when rolling asphalt always make the first pass on the high side of the asphalt mat
on large jobs, many asphalt specifications require that three rollers be used on the job. which of the following is most nearly true about rollers
12 ton 3 wheel roller or tandem, an 8 ton pneumatic- tire roller and an 8 ton tandem
should the 10 ton roller keep up with the paver (T/F)
False
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when compacting silt clay or clay mixtures out in the open, which of the following compactors would be most effective
sheepsfoot roller
when compacting granular soils out in the open, which of the following compactors would be most efficient
steel wheel and rubber tired
to cut and grade a roadway, you would use which of the followin pieces of equipemtn
a buldozer
the simplest type of crane is
pole
which type of crane would be use to lower another crane from a building
tripod
a derrick, a crane or any lift machine is rated by
weight
on all bom type mobil cranes the rated loads shall be specified at a maximum and minimum radius at ____ points for various boom lengths
2
proof load tests shall be based on the manufacturers load ratings for the condition of use and shall consist of the application of a proof load as closee as possible but not exceeding ____ percent of the load ratings for the boom on the crane
110
a crane shall never be operated in an unsafe condition, therefore inspections on all parts subject to wear will be made every ____ days
90
cranes shall not be operated more than ____ hours without being inspected
750
for power lines rated 5 kv or below, minimum clearance between the lines and any part of the crane or load should be ____ feet
10
a forklift or similar self propelled equipment shall not be in motion if the lift is ____ feet high or higher
12
