Framing Flashcards
What is the term used to describe a depressed angle formed by the meeting at the bottom of two inclined sides of a roof, such as a gutter
a valley
what is a roof with two slopes on all four sides, the lower slope very steep, the upper slope almost flat, known as
a mansard roof
what is hte name for an opening for ventilating closed attics or other used spaces
a louver
what is the process of driving tarred oakum or other suitable materials into seams to make the joints watertight known as?
caulking
the percentage of moisture content in rough framing lumber should
not exceed 19%
what is a roof with two pitches on each side of the house known as
gambrel
what are boards which are nailed on roof rafters and over which shingles or roof covering is laid known as
roof sheathing (sheathing boards)
which of the following is a vertical window in a projection built out from a sloping roof
a dormer
when assembling wall sections, studs are laid on the floor with the crowned edge
up
pitch refers to the
rise over span
slope refers to the
inches of rise per foot of run
what is the standard length of square butt shingles
36”
steel is not combustible, why do building codes require fireproffing around steel beams in buildings that must have a fire-resistant rating
steel loses strength under high temps
which of the following is one method of increasing the load capacity of a steel beam when used in conjunction with a concrete floor or roof system
composite slab design
which of the following describes the best use for air entrained cement
making cement frost resistant
which of the following woods is the least decay-resistant
hemlock
when a beam is purposely manufactured with a slight rise from the ends to the beam midpoint, what is this curvature called
camber
which of the following stud spacing arrangements is the maximum allowed for a frame structure supporting one floor ceiling and a roof
2x4s spaced at 16” OC
if a wood beam deflects too much under load, which of the following is certain to reduce deflection
replace the beam with a deeper one of the same width
what percent of moisture still remains in lumber that is considered to have a high moisture conctent
19%
which of the following best describes a means of egress
an unobstructed path of travel out of a building
plywood shear walls with nailing 2 inches on center on the edges are required to have ____ inch nominal framing members at panel edges
3
framing in plywood shear diaphrams shall be at least ____ inches in the least dimension
1
fiberboard has a density of at least 10lbs per cubic foot and less than 31 lbs per cubic foot. hardboard has a density of at least ____ per cu ft
24lbs
framing members shall be spaced not more than ____ inches on center when using fiberboard sheathing on shear walls
16
plywood in shear walls shall be at least ____ inches thick for studs spaced 16” on center and ____ inch thick for studs spaced 24” on center
5/16
3/8
the cantilevered portions of beams less than ____ inches in nominal thickness shall not be notched unless the reduced section properties and lumber defects are considered in the design
4
nails shall have a required penetration of not less than ____ diameters
12
a hip rafter is how many inches deeper than common rafters
2”
which of the following materials will produce the most ridgid wall
3/8” plyboard sheathing
as a foundation timber, what is the lowest sill of a structure placed directly on the ground or foundation
the mudsill
with what is the mudsill usually fastened to the foundtation
10” bolts
how many risers are there if a stairwell has ten treads
11
what is the standard thickness of an interior door
1-3/8”
you must securely fasten studs at door openings or at the ends of partitions by
clinching
Mr. smith is constructing a semi solid drywall partition with a 4’ wide starter panel installed at an abutting wall so that the edge of the starter panel automatically bisects the adhesive-coated rib of the opposite full size panel. the starter panel must be plumb and secured to the floor ceiling and vertical runners. the top and bottom must be nailed at a minimum of 4 points and the panel has to be kept 3/8” to 1/2” above the floor. Mr smith has procceeded:
incorrectly. The top and bottom must be nailed at a minimum of 3 points
type s screws are designed for gypsum board attachment to
light gauge steel framing and furring
the most common type of weld in metal form drywall applications is the ____ weld
fillet
which of the following is not an exterior covering for aluminum or steel partition framing systems
prefabricated concrete slabs
the least expensive and easiest movable partition metal framing system is the ____ system
H-stud
you would no use semi solid drywall partitions in a
hotel or hospital service corridor
metal framing systems may be made from
aluminum
in metal framing for partition framing the main advantage of using the T-stud system is:
it affords better fire resistance
the heads of the attaching screws are concealed by ____ when colored trim is used as a batten to cover a joint in prefinished wallboard
installing a vinyl strip over them
in metal framing the partitions used most often are primarily those based on 1-5/8” ribs due to the fact that they
can use full size electrical boxes
what is a combination of members, such as beams, bars and ties, usually arranged in triangular units to form a rigid framework for supporting loads over a span called
a truss
what is the name for a large supporting horizontalmember used to support joints
girders
what is a projecting structure built against a wall or building to give it greater strength and stability known as
a buttress
What is the name given to a joint which is formed by welding?
A weld
tinners flathead roundhead and countersunk are examples of what
rivets
strapping and stripping are other names given to furring strips fastened to the underside of ceiling joists
for the attachment of the ceiling material
what is the symbol for a plug or slot weld
a rectangle
why is diagonal subflooring preffered to subflooring laid square across the joists
it stiffens the building
which of the following woods is usually used for floor joists
doug fir
what is the maximum height considered acceptable for a stair riser
7 inches
what approximate size is 2” x 4” after dressing
1-1/2” x 3-1/2”
what is the most commonly used lumber for framing
doug fir
all wood members shall be framed anchorded tied and braced so as to develop the ____ necessary for the purposes for which they are used
strengthen and rigidity
the beams(girders) of douglas fir shall have a minimum clearance to earth, under floor areas of not less than ____ inches
12
Wood structural panels used for the bracing of exterior walls shall not be less than ____ inches wide
48
Trimmer and header joists shall be doubled when the span of the header exceeds ____ feet
4
unless placed over sheathing, solid wood siding shall have an average thickness of ____ inch
3/8
joists framing from opposite sides of a beam shall be lapped at least ____ inches
3
wood structural panels in shear walls shall be at least ____ inch thick when studs are spaced 16 inches on center
5/16
plywood used as an exterior wall covering shall not be less than ____ inch thick
3/8
nails for wood structural panel shear walls shall be placed not less than 3/8 inch in from the panel edge (t/f)
true
When roof slopes are less than 2:12 members supporting rafters and joists shall be designed as beams (t/f)
False
Utility grade studs may be spaced 24 inches on center when supporting only a roof load (t/f)
False
all fastners used for the attachment of siding shall be of a corrosion resistant type (t/f)
True
rafters shall be framed directly opposite of each other at the ridge (t/F)
true
Beams may have notches not to exceed 1/6 of the depth of the member when located in the middle third of the span (t/f)
false
holes bored in joists shall not be within 2 inches of the top or bottom of the joist (t/f)
true
any wood stud in a bearing partition may be cut or notched to a depth not exceeding ____ percent
25
utility grade studs shall not exceed a height of ____ feet for exterior walls and load bearing walls
8
The allowable unit stresses for fire retardant treated solid sawn lumber and plywood subject to prolonged elevated temperatures but not exceeding 150 degrees F. Shall be developed from approved test methods. (t/f)
true
Rafter ties shall not be spaced more than 4 feet on conter (t/f)
true
all vertical joints of panel sheathing used for bracing shall occur over studs (t/f)
True
wood board sidings applied to studs shall be fastned with nails that penetrate at least ____ inches into the studs
1-1/2”
ends of wood beams supported on concrete shall not have less than ____ inches of bearing
3
individual concrete piers supporting 4 x 4 doug fir posts shall project at least ____ inches above ground
8
in seismic zone 1 braced wall sections shall be located at each end or as near as possible and shall be not more than ____ feet on center
25
nonbearing partitions may have bored holes not greater than ____ percent of the width of the stud
60
studs shall be placed with their wide dimension perpendicular to the wall (t/f)
True
the minimum thickness of a roof ridge board shall not be less than
1 inch nominal
roof trusses shall be supported laterally at bearing points by solid blocking to prevent rotation (t/f)
true
joists under and parallel to bearing partitions shall be doubled (t/f)
true
under floor ventilation shall be provided with openings not less than 1 square foot for each 150 square feet of under floor area (t/f)
true
all under floor access openings shall be effectively
screened
the unbraced length for purlin struts shall not exceed ____ feet
8
non structural masonry floors not more than 4 inches in thickness may be supported by wood members (t/f)
true
Ends of joists shall not have less than ____ inches of bearing on metal
1-1/2
wood structural panels may be used to brace cripple walls having a stud height of ____ inches
14
cripple walls shall be framed as an additional story when they exceed ____ feet in height
4
notches on the ends of joists shall not exceed ____ percent of the joist depth
25
access to under floor areas shall be provided with an opening a minimum of ____ inches by ____ inches
18
24
a concealed space in a floor/ceiling assembly of a group R, Division 3 building shall be draft stopped every
1000 sq ft
fireblocking shall be installed at ____ intervals along the length and height of a wall in openings around vents, pipes, ducts, chimenys and similar openings in concealed spaes between stair stringers at the top and bottom of the run and between studs along and in line with the run of the stairs, if the walls under the stairs are unfinished
10 ft
the concealed space in a floor/ceiling assembly in an office shall be draft stopped every
1000 sq ft
all siding shall be securely nailed to each stud with not less than
1 nail
consideration shall be given to shrinkage in the design to the possible effect of ____ considered vertically which may occur in lumber in a green condition
cross grain dimensional changes
ters do not require lateral support when the ration of depth to thickness is
2 to 1
Joists laterally supported by the ends being held in position by full-depth solid blocking shall have a depth to thickness ratio of not more than
4 to 1
all truss manufacturers shall retain a ____ to make non scheduled inspections of truss fabrication, delivery and operations
approved agency
a ____ shall be provideed to ensure against uplift and laterl displacement where post and beam or girder construction is used
positive connection
wood shakes may be used for exterior wall coverings, provided the frame of the structure is covered with
a water-resistant barrier
where partitions are covered with tile and are subject to water splash, the framing shall be rotected with
a waterproof paper
structural roof sheathing shall be capable of supporting concentrated loads of not less than ____ pounds without failure
300
fireblocking shall be provided at all interconnections between concealed vertical and horizontal spaces at
soffits
drop ceilings
cover ceilings
approved fire retardant treated 2 inch by 10 inch wood floor joist shall have a maximum mosture content of ____ percent
19
a 4 inch by 12 inch beam shall be supported laterally by ____ or by other acceptable means
having the ends held in position
material for draftstopping shall be not less than ____ inch thick gypsum board 3/8 inch thick plywood or other approved materials
1/2
wood joists located closer than ____ inches to exposed earth in crawl spaces shall be treated wood or wood of natural resistance to decay
18
ends of wood girders entering concrete walls shall have an air space of ____ inches around the top sides and ends unless of treated wood
1/2
Posts which support permanent structures and are located on concrete floors exposed to the weather shall be supported by concrete piers or metal pedestals that project at least ____ above the floor
1 inch
bearing partitions shall not support more than ____ floors and a roof unless an analysis satidfactory to the building official shows that shrinkage of the wood framing will not have adverse effects upon the structure
2
attics in office buildings shall have draft stops installed every 1000 square feet or 60 lineal feet. if spriklers are installed the area between draft stops may be increased to
9000 sq ft or 100 linear feet
the maximum height of a laterally unsupported non bearing stud wall made of 2 inch by 6 inch lumber spaced 24 inches on center is ____ feet
20
Individual concrete piers shall project at least ____ inches above ground unless of treated wood or wood of natural resistance to decay
8
Under floor areas shall be ventilated by either mechanical means or by openings in the exterior walls of not less than ____ for each 150 sq ft of under floor area. openings shall be located as close as possible to corners and shall be covered with corrosion resistant wire mesh
1 sq ft
wood located on concrete three inches thic with an ipervious membrane installed between earth and concrete that is not subject to water splash or to exterior moisture may be ____ and of any species
untreated
openings in draft stop partitions shall be protected by self closing doors with an automatic
latch
any structures may rest upon wood piles constructed in accordance with the requiremnents of
chapter 18 UBC
Wood framing members shall not be used to permanently support the dead load of any concrete or masonry construction (t/f)
true
In seismic zone 4 plywood shear panel shall have framing memebrs or blocking at the edges of all sheets (t/f)
true
