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CSLB Trade > Solar > Flashcards

Solar Flashcards

1
Q

When installing a solar collector, what is the best way to place the tilt

A

15% W plus the latitude facing south

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2
Q

in a temperate region, which side of the house should you install the least number of windows to help keep the cold out in the winter

A

North

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3
Q

if a solar heating system is not used, how much heat loss shold the auxilary system compensate for

A

100%

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4
Q

in an all air solar heating system, which of the following is not part of the apparatus

A

hot water boiler

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5
Q

a solar unit when installed on the ground should

A

be placed on a concrete pad

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6
Q

solar collectors should be placed facing

A

latitude south

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7
Q

for the best orientation in order to achieve the greatest efficiency, a solar collector on the ground should be placed

A

facing south and a little west

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8
Q

when designing a solar system, the first step is

A

-selection of collector size
-storage capacity
-layout of system
-estimating daily demand

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9
Q

in sizing a solar system, the first item of importance is

A

determining the BTU/hr load requiremetn

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10
Q

“Life Cycling costing” as related to the design of a solar heating system is

A

-cost of auxilary energy
-the initial cost of the sytem
-the life expectancy of the system

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11
Q

when installing a solar system, what aspects should be considered

A

-operating cost
-the gas or liquid system
-the initial cost
-the passive or active system

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12
Q

what climatic conditions shold be considered in solar energy installation

A

-freezing
-insufficient sunlight

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13
Q

how do you size the solar heating system

A

for the BTU/hr required

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14
Q

what is the measurement for heat

A

BTu

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15
Q

in solar heating, where is the heat exchanger placed in relation to the refrigeration or evaportator coil

A

before the coil

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16
Q

if you have a closed solar water heating system you will need

A

an expansion tank

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17
Q

if a closed looped piping system is used with the collector, which of the following must also be used

A

expansion tank

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18
Q

what is the most imporant component in the effiecy of a hot water solar heating system

A

Solar panels

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19
Q

water type solar flat place collectors use water as the heat transfer medium this is known as

A

hydronic system

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20
Q

____ CFM of air are required per cubic foot of collector

A

30.00

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21
Q

collectors mounted above roofing have an allowance of approximately

A

1-1/2” clearance

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22
Q

most flat plate collectors use ____ as the heat transfer medium

A

-oil
-antifreeze
-water
-gas

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23
Q

the requiremetn for an 800 sq ft collector is

A

1200 to 1600 gallon storage capacity

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24
Q

the optimum or ideal tilt angle for the solar collectors for year round hot waer is

A

30-45

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25
Q

using water as teh heat transfer liquid in the collector loop, what is the gallon flow per hour over a 1 foot square area of collector

A

1 to 2 gallons

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26
Q

liquid collectors which contain small passages are

A

susceptible to plugging

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27
Q

the heat transfer fluid most commonly used for a solar sytem is

A

water

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28
Q

for heat exchanger effectiveness, a heat transfer coefficient of at least ____ should be achieved

A

10 degrees F

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29
Q

the metal used for an absorber plate (flat plate collector) is usually

A

-copper
-stainless steel
-mild carbon steel
-aluminium

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30
Q

the surface coating normally used for an absorber plate is

A

-anodize
-copper oxide
-black chrome or nickel
-black paint - inorganic, acrylic, silicon

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31
Q

the size of the solar hot water storage tank should be approximately

A

1 to 2 gallons for every sq ft of collector

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32
Q

on a coil in tank heat exchanger, does the coil have to be on the top or on the bottom of the storage tank

A

bottom of tank

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33
Q

in solar heating the heat exchanger is used to

A

transfer heat from one material to another

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34
Q

in reference to a solar storage sytem, phase change means

A

heat of fusion

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35
Q

which of hte following storage sytems requires the smallest storage tank size for solar water heating

A

phase change (salts)

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36
Q

how do you prevent steam flash from the top of the collector

A

provide a pressure relief valve

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37
Q

what is the single largest cause of corrosion problems

A

incompatibility of the piping materials with the transfer fluid

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38
Q

if you have solar collectors mounted in array they should be mounted so that they can

A

be taken apart easily

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39
Q

what type of heat storage system can you use on an air type of solar heating system

A

crushed rock or pebbles

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40
Q

what type of storage system for the storage of heat can you used on a liquid type of solar heating system

A

-water tank
-salts
-crushed rock
-pebbles

41
Q

the approximate fluid flow rate of gallons per minute over 1 square foot of solar collector is

A

.02 gallons per minute

42
Q

if you are getting steam in your hot water system, what do you look for

A

automatic mixing valve

43
Q

if the water comes too hot from the collector stroage tank to the hot water tank, what would the automatic mixing valve do

A

temper the water

44
Q

in order to prevent water from flashing to steam at teh top of a collector the

A

balance valves are adjusted

45
Q

if the water comes too hot from the storage tank to the hot water tank, what would the automatic mixing valve do

A

add cold water

46
Q

what do you do to keep scalding water out of your domestic hot water supply

A

use a thermostatic control mixing valve

47
Q

anti-freeze solution used in the solar water heating system should be checke

A

for freezing and ph annually

48
Q

individual collectors in a series must be

A

accessible for repairs and replacement

49
Q

what is the specific heat of water

A

1 BTU per/lb per degree of F rise

50
Q

in an air duct, the free space is known as the

A

K factor

51
Q

the specific fheat of water equals ____ BTU per/lb per degree of F rise

A

1

52
Q

one psi is

A

2.31 feet in height of water

53
Q

the main advantage of a passive solar system over an active solar system is

A

-cost
-number of working parts
-reliablity

54
Q

what type of thermostat would you have on a solar system

A

two stages

55
Q

insulating of pipes is needed in a liquid working fluid solar heating sytem to

A

transport fluids by conserving heat loss

56
Q

The ____ determine the mode of operation of a solar air heating system

A

collectors

57
Q

the temperature differential between the collector and the storage tank is

A

10 degrees to 20 degrees

58
Q

the most common cause of an inefficient solar system is

A

improperly insulated pipes

59
Q

____ is not included in a solar system

A

boiler

60
Q

air filters in a solar system need to be changed

A

monthly

61
Q

a phase-change is

A

a fusion of heat

62
Q

which valve is used to control the flow of liquid in one direction only

A

check

63
Q

what factors are used to determine to the cost effectiveness of a solar system

A

-initial cost
-life cycle of the system
-alternate sources of energy

64
Q

the buildin ____ controls the dampers of a solar air heating system

A

thermostat

65
Q

in a solar system, a thermostat governed by an on-off differential control monitors the air temperature in

A

the collector outlet manifold

66
Q

what are some of the things to look out for when mounting the collectors on the roof

A

-ice blockages
-snow drifiting
-leaves
-electric wires

67
Q

what is the primary in designing a solar system

A

BTU demand

68
Q

what creates corrosion in the pipes of the solar system

A

-dissimilar metals in the piping
-interaction of the metals of the piping and the heat transfer fluid

69
Q

to avoid boiling, where excessive pressures can develop in a solar system, adequately sized devices are needed such as

A

pressure relief valves

70
Q

thermosiphon and bread box solar heating systems are more effective to instll than active pump systems because

A

-installation is always more difficult in pumped systems
-initial costs are lowered

71
Q

on a thermosiphon water heater system, where should the water storage tank be located in relation to the solar collector

A

1 to 2 feet above the collector

72
Q

solar system corrosion is aused by

A

-insulation that is not effective durable or compatible for the designed conditions
-pool composition of the metals or alloys
-the type of material specified for the system are not compatible for the fluids
-water composition and leakage

73
Q

freeze-up and/or lessened operating efficiency may occur in liquid installation if which of the following is overlooked

A

inadequate pipe insulation

74
Q

what is the purpose of collector glazing

A

-it allows for transmission of solar radiation to the collector absorber surface
-it reduces convection heat losses to the surrounding air
-it absorbs the infrared (long wave length) radiation that would otherwise radiate back into the envirnoment from the absorber surface

75
Q

internal failure in a solar system through corrosion is caused by

A

incompatibility material with heat transfer fluid

76
Q

the collectors should be balanced so that the flow rates through them are

A

plus or minus 20% of design value

77
Q

insulation of solar hot lines is necessary to prevent

A

personal injury

78
Q

what is the specific grvity of water

A

1

79
Q

a mass of water compared to the same open air mass of rocks or pebbles will hold how much more heat

A

five times

80
Q

collectors should be installed

A

to minimize ice dams

81
Q

es should be planted near solar collector panels (t/f)

A

False

82
Q

what is the maximum BTU/h per sq ft of surface absorbed by many flatplate collectors

A

250

83
Q

what is the most feasible use of solar heating from an energy conservation standpoint in residential aplication

A

Domestic hot water

84
Q

how many factors should be considered in determining the feasibility of a residential solar space heating system

A

5

85
Q

what percentage of the total heating load is usually practical for the solar heating supplement

A

50-70

86
Q

air and liquid are the two most practical methods of transferring heat from the sun to residential spce heating (T/F)

A

True

87
Q

what is done with excess solar heat not used immediatly for space heating

A

it is stored

88
Q

which occupies mroe space for the same number of BTU stored, rock or water

A

rock

89
Q

what is the specific heat of rock

A

.2

90
Q

what solution can be used in a liquid system to prevent freeze up

A

Ethylene glycol

91
Q

what is the best direction for a residential heating flat-plate collector

A

Latitude + 15 degrees

92
Q

low temperature collectors are normally unglazed, flat collectors intended to operate at temperatures of about

A

15 to 100 degrees above ambient temperature

93
Q

medium temperature collectors are flat plate collectors enclosed in an insulated case with one or two glazings. The intended temperature range of operation is about

A

15 to 200 degrees above ambient temperature

94
Q

high temperature collectors have some overlap from flat plate collectors with selective absorber plates and heavy insulation. some may be enhanced by the installation of a sun tracking system. which of the following best defines the high temperature collector variations

A

-parabolic dis reflectors
-evacuated tube flat plates
-parabolic through types

95
Q

unglazed plat-plate liquid collectors are most commonly used for

A

swimming pools and hot water tanks

96
Q

solar panels should be placed on a roof at which of the following angles

A

equal to the latitude

97
Q

an air solar system can be designed with a pressure drop of how many inches of water

A

1

98
Q

with an air movement of 15-25 feet per minute, people are most comfortable in the summer at a temp of

A

71 degrees

CSLB Trade (22 decks)

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