Token Economies

Question 1

What is Token economies used for?

Answer 1

-Manage maladaptive behavior
-for those in hospital who develop maladaptive behavior such as bad hygiene or lack of communication

Question 2

What are the aims of token economies?

Answer 2

Better quality of life and able to live outside the hospital.

Question 3

Explain what token economies is.

Answer 3

-use Skinner’s operant conditioning of positive rienforcements
-use reinforcement of coloured discs whenever the produce desire behaviour
-tokens are exchanged for goods/privelagaes

Question 4

What is the secondary reinforcement and primary reinforcement?

Answer 4

The SR of the tokens are associated with something meaningful PR there administrated together.

Question 5

What are the evaluations?

Answer 5

-limits to support the effectiveness
-ethical issues
-May not have long term impact on behavior change

Question 6

Explain the evaluation of limits to support the effectiveness.

Answer 6

-reviewed 3 studies investigating schz
-found 1/3 showed improvements in any symptoms
-no significant change in maladaptive behavior
-TE may not be effective in creating positive change
-lowers validity.

Question 7

Explain the evaluation of ethical issues.

Answer 7

-priveleged available to mild symptoms
-less privalaged available to severe symptoms
-prevents compliance to desired behavior
-suggests symptoms can be bypassed if they seek rewards
-experience discriminations if severely ill then they may not have access to behavior management techniques
-limits appropriateness.

Question 8

Explain the evaluation that it may not have long term impact on maladaptive behavior?

Answer 8

-effective in institutionalized settings
-sent home they lose structure that helped manage behavior
-e.g won’t be anyone to give a token when they present desired behavior
-limits the appropriateness