TOEFL Notes (Cram) Flashcards

1
Q

not harmful or offensive

A

innocuous “it was an innocuous question”

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2
Q

not objectionable or harmful

A

inoffensive “the water ouzel is an agile, inoffensive creature | inoffensive wallpaper”

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3
Q

a change or difference in condition, amount, or level, typically with certain limits

A

variation “regional variations in house prices | the figures showed marked variation from year to year”

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4
Q

(of two or more people) fully in agreement

A

unanimity “the doctors were unanimous in their diagnoses.”

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5
Q

be harmonious or consistent with

A

accord

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6
Q

harmony or agreement between people or groups

A

unity “their leaders called for unity between opposing “

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7
Q

in agreement or harmony

A

congruence “institutional and departmental objectives are largely congruent | the rules may not be congruent with the requirements of the law.”

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8
Q

formal agreement

A

concordance “the concordance between the teams’ research results”

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9
Q

help to explain (something) by providing further information about it.

A

shed light on

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10
Q

make (something) clear; explain

A

elucidate “work such as theirs will help to elucidate this matter”

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11
Q

provide or serve as a satisfactory explanation or reason for

A

account for “he was brought before the Board to account for his”

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12
Q

standing out so as to be clearly visible

A

conspicuous “he was very thin, with a conspicuous Adam’s apple”

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13
Q

highly obvious or conspicuous

A

glaring “there is a glaring omission in the above data.”

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14
Q

recognizably different in nature from something else of a similar type

A

distinct “the patterns of spoken language are distinct from those of writing | there are two distinct types of sickle cell disease.”

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15
Q

cause surprise or confusion in (someone), esp. by acting against their expectations

A

confound “the inflation figure confounded economic analysts.”

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16
Q

(of a state, quality, or emotion) very great or intense

A

profound “profound social changes | profound feelings of disquiet.”

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17
Q

(of something complicated or unaccountable) cause (someone) to feel completely baffled

A

perplex “she was perplexed by her husband’s moodiness”

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18
Q

giving cause for alarm; serious

A

grave “a matter of grave concern.”

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19
Q

cause (someone) to become perplexed and confused

A

bewilder “she seemed frightened and bewildered | his reaction had bewildered”

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20
Q

totally bewilder or perplex

A

baffle “an unexplained occurrence that baffled everyone”

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21
Q

a thing of little value or importance

A

confound “we needn’t trouble the headmaster over such trifles”

22
Q

a slight amount of something

A

shade “there is a shade of wistfulness in his rejection”

23
Q

a person with whom one works, esp. in a profession or business.

A

colleague

24
Q

a person or animal with whom one spends a lot of time or with whom one travels

A

companion

25
Q

a conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning

A

inference “his emphasis on order and health, and by inference cleanliness”

26
Q

occur again, periodically, or repeatedly

A

recurring “when the symptoms recurred, the doctor diagnosed something different”

27
Q

more important than anything else; supreme having supreme power

A

paramount “the interests of the child are of paramount importance” “a paramount chief”

28
Q

a small remaining quantity of something.

A

remnant

29
Q

appoint (someone) to a specified position

A

designate “he was designated as prime minister”

30
Q

a long, narrow part or section forming the handle of a tool or club, the body of a spear or arrow, or a similar implement

A

shaft “the shaft of a golf club | the shaft of a feather”

31
Q

that is solely or no more or better than what is specified a lake, pond, or arm of the sea

A

mere “it happened a mere decade ago | questions that cannot be answered by mere mortals”

32
Q

a large group of animals, esp. hoofed mammals, that live, feed, or migrate together or are kept together as livestock

A

herds “a herd of elephants | large farms with big dairy herds”

33
Q

positioned in or relating to the sky, or outer space as observed in astronom supremely

A

celestial “a celestial body” “the celestial beauty of music”

34
Q

an isolated hill with steep sides and a flat top (similar to but narrower than a mesa)

A

butte

35
Q

a large, thick, flat piece of stone, concrete, or wood, typically rectangular a large, thick slice or piece of cake, bread, chocolate,

A

slabs “paving slabs | she settled on a slab of rock” “a slab of bread and cheese”

36
Q

an isolated flat–topped hill with steep sides, found in landscapes with horizontal strata

A

mesa

37
Q

form or devise (a plan or idea) in the become pregnant with (a child)

A

conceive “a brilliantly conceived and executed robbery” “she was conceived when her father was 49”

38
Q

call people together for (a meeting)

A

convene “he had convened a secret meeting of military personnel”

39
Q

be a sign of; indicate

A

denote “his mark denotes purity and quaity”

40
Q

have one’s permanent home in a particular place be situated

A

reside “people who work in the city actually reside in neighboring towns” “the paintings now reside on the walls of a restaurant”

41
Q

a situation, object, or statement that is the reverse of another, or that corresponds to it but with certain terms transposed

A

the converse “if spirituality is properly political, the converse is also true: politics is properly spiritual”

42
Q

in spite of

A

notwithstanding “notwithstanding the evidence, the consensus is that the jury will not reach a verdict | [postpositive] this small contretemps notwithstanding, they both had a good time”

43
Q

coincidence

A

happenstance “it was just happenstance that I happened to be there | an untoward happenstance for Trudy”

44
Q

by that means; as a result of that

A

thereby “students perform in hospitals, thereby gaining a deeper awareness of the therapeutic power of music”

45
Q

by which

A

whereby “a system whereby people could vote by telephone”

46
Q

deduce or conclude (information) from evidence and reasoning rather than from explicit statements

A

infer “from these facts we can infer that crime has been increasing”

47
Q

able to be trusted as being accurate or true; reliable

A

authoritative “clear, authoritative information and advice | an authoritative source”

48
Q

the occurrence, rate, or frequency of a disease, crime, or something else undesirable

A

incidence “an increased incidence of cancer”

49
Q

present as the strongest or main element

A

predominant “its predominant color was white”

50
Q

having or exerting control or power

A

predominant “the predominant political forces”