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Peds exam 1 > Toddler growth and development > Flashcards

Toddler growth and development Flashcards

1
Q

how does a toddlers weight increase

A

increases steadily in spurts average 3-5lbs/yr

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2
Q

what immunization should a toddler get at 6 months

A

Flu

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3
Q

what changes are noticed in the respiratory system of a toddler

A

increase alveoli, trachea and airways are small, tonsils and adenoids are large

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4
Q

how should a toddler be disciplined

A

limit setting, negotiation, problem solving, offer realistic choices, use extinction and time outs for negative behaviors

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5
Q

when is autism diagnosed and what ss are there

A

diagnosed by 3 yrs old, lack of language development, lack of social interaction

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6
Q

how does a toddlers height increase

A

on average 3in/yr

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7
Q

when is a toddler half of adult height

A

2yrs old

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8
Q

how can you minimize sibling rivalry

A

regular routines, minimize other household changes, spend one on one with toddler, involve them in the care of the infant

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9
Q

what is the typical behavior of a toddler

A

may have security item, gender difference awareness, aggressive behaviors (biting kicking, hitting), unclear body boundaries, becoming more self-aware, resists invasive procedures, may fear strangers or loss of parents (separation anxiety)

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9
Q

what is the typical behavior of a toddler

A

may have security item, gender difference awareness, aggressive behaviors (biting kicking, hitting), unclear body boundaries, becoming more self-aware, resists invasive procedures, may fear strangers or loss of parents (separation anxiety)

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10
Q

what are some cardiovascular changes seen in toddlers

A

HR decrease, BP increases

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11
Q

when is a toddlers wellness visits

A

15-18 months, 2 years, 30 months, 3 years

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12
Q

when is a toddlers head proportional to their body

A

age 3

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13
Q

how can you promote self feeding for a toddler

A

child-sized utensils, approprite portion size, type and texture of food, secure in a high chair, include the toddler in family meal time, never leave them unattended, minimize distractions at meal time

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14
Q

what immunizations does a toddler at 12 months

A

MMR, Varicella, hep A, Hib, PVC

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15
Q

what is freuds stage at this time

A

anal stage- focus on achieving sphincter control

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16
Q

what neurological changes happen in the toddler

A

anterior fontanel closes by 18 months, brain reaches 90% of adult size by 2 yrs old, increased myelination (improved coordination, balance, and sphincter control)

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17
Q

what are the daily activity needs of a toddler

A

30 min of structured physical activity, 1-3 hours of unstructured activity

18
Q

what are some developmental concerns for a toddler

A

weaning from bottle/breast to cup, thumb sucking or pacifier, negativism, temper tantrums, toilet training, sibling rivalry, aggression and regression

19
Q

what are some feeding concerns for a toddler

A

picky eaters, food jags, physiologic anorexia

20
Q

what immunizations should a toddler get at 15-18 months

A

Dtap (diptheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis)

21
Q

what are the sleep requirements of a toddler

A

sleeps through the night, may take one daytime nap, consistent bedtime rituals,

22
Q

when may a toddler no longer need a daytime nap

A

3 yrs old

23
Q

how may hours does a toddler get at 18 months

A

13.5

24
Q

how may hours does a toddler get at 24 months

A

13 hours of sleep

25
Q

how many hours of sleep does a toddler get at 3 years old

A

12 hours of sleep

26
Q

what are some musculoskeletal changes that occur in a toddler

A

swayback and potbelly until 3 years old

27
Q

what is eriksons autonomy vs shame and doubt

A

autonomy by doing tasks themselves high expectations or over protection can cause feelings of shame and doubt

28
Q

what is individualism

A

forming a sense of self, learning control of ones enviornment leads to emotional liability

29
Q

what are some gross motor skills of a toddler

A

initial - walking gait, pushing/pulling toys, later - running, climbing, jumping, throwing ball

30
Q

What vocabulary does a 15 month old toddler have

A

repeats words, babbles and sentences

31
Q

what vocabulary does an 18 month old toddler have

A

5 to 20 words, names, familiar objects, understands no

32
Q

what locality does a 24 month old toddler have

A

points to body, 40 to 50 word vocabulary, two to three sentences

33
Q

what vocabulary does a 36 month old toddler have

A

speech is understandable asks why, 1000 word vocabulary

34
Q

what vocabulary does a 3 year old infant have

A

can state name age and gender

35
Q

what genitourinary changes occur in a toddler

A

bladder and kidneys at adult size by 16 to 24 months, increased bladder capacity, urethra remains short

36
Q

how do you know a toddler is ready for toilet training

A

regular bowel movements, expresses need to defecate or urinate, diaper not always wet, willing and able to follow instructions, walks independently, can pull down pants, follows caregiver to the bathroom, climbs onto potty chair or toilet

37
Q

what is egocentrism

A

focus on self

38
Q

what is a toddler’s food intake considerations

A

limit juice to four to six oz a day, drink water, whole milk for brain growth at 16 ounces, calcium for bone mineralization, dairy products, broccoli, oranges, sweet potatoes, tofu, dried beans

39
Q

what is a toddler speech development

A

repetitive language, telegraphic speech, echolalia, bilingual, mixing language learning

40
Q

what is Piaget sensory motor development staged for a toddler

A

objects permanence follow simple commands, anticipates events, no logical thinking, understands self as separate from parents, beginning to perceive body image, egocentric

41
Q

what fine motor skills does a toddler have

A

progression from holding to pinching, can use utensils, hold crayon, strings of bead, works on basic puzzle, uses a touch screen

42
Q

how does a toddler play

A

doesn’t like to share, parallel play, short attention span so provide a variety of toys, pretend to play use items to help express feelings, encourage creative play, use toys that engage multiple senses

43
Q

what gastrointestinal changes occur in a toddler

A

stomach size increases, small intestines grow in length, stools less frequent, bowel control by end of toddlerhood

Peds exam 1 (12 decks)

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