Tobacco and Nicotine Use Flashcards
How much nicotine in an e-cigarette, cigarette, hookah, cigars, and pipe tobacco?
Pipe tobacco = 30.08-50 mg
Cigars = 13.3-15.4mg
Hookah = 1.04-2.24 mg
Cigarette = 1.2 -1.8 mg
E-Cigarette = 0.0 -15.4 mg
People Choose Healthy Choices Everyday
How many known carcinogens in cigarettes?
70
When you smoke a cigarette you inhale more than _____ chemicals
7,000
- hundreds are hazardous
What cancers are linked to smoking?
- Oropharynx
- Larynx
- Esophagus
- Trachea, bronchus, lung
- Acute myeloid leukemia
- Stomach
- Pancreas
- Kidney and ureter
- Cervix
- Bladder
What chronic diseases are linked to smoking?
- Stroke
- Blindness, cataracts
- Periodontitis
- Aortic aneurysm
- Coronary heart disease
- Pneumonia
- Vascular Diseases
- Respiratory effects
- COPD
- Hip Fractures
- Reproductive effects
What are the health consequences of secondhard smoke in children?
- Middle ear disease
- Respiratory symptoms
- Impaired lung function
- Lower respiratory illness
- SIDS
What are the health consequences of secondhard smoke in adults?
- Nasal irritation
- Lung cancer
- Coronary heart disease
- Reproductive effects in women – Low birth weight
____________ is the leading cause of cancer related death in US for both men and women
Lung cancer
Smoking accounts for more than ___% of lung cancer cases reported in men and __% in women
90%
89%
What effects does smoking have on the mouth?
- Bad breath
- Periodontal (gum) disease
- Sore throat/hoarseness
- Reduced smell/taste
- Unhealthy tissue
- Delayed healing
- Oral/Throat cancer
- Teeth staining
- Poor response to dental treatment
- Oral lesions
How much nicotine in a snus, chew, snuff, orbs, strips?
Snus = 8.0 mg
Chew = 4.5 mg
Snuff = 3.6 mg
Orbs = 1.0 mg
Strips = 0.6 mg
SNakes CHase SNow OR STreams
Smokeless tobacco contains over ___ chemicals known to cause cancer
28
What does cadmium do (part of smokeless tobacco)?
used in car batteries
What does N-nitrosamines do (part of smokeless tobacco)?
cancer causing chemical
What does uranium 235 do (part of smokeless tobacco)?
used in nuclear weapons
What does formaldehyde do (part of smokeless tobacco)?
used in embalming fluid
What does benzopyrene do (part of smokeless tobacco)?
cancer causing chemical
What does polonium 210 do (part of smokeless tobacco)?
nuclear waste
What are the effects of smokeless tobacco on the mouth?
- Bad breath
- Irritates and inflames tissue
— Tissue changes - Oral cancer
- Increased risk of tooth decay
- Painful ulcers
- Teeth staining
- Periodontal/Gum disease
About ___________ americans are diagnosed with oral/pharyngeal cancer each year
42,000
- 8,000 succumb to disease
___% of cases of oral/pharyngeal cancer can be attributed to tobacco use and/or heavy alcohol consumption
75%
___% of leukoplakia’s caused by tobacco use
70%
___% of adults over 18 currently use e-cigs
4.7
___% of High School students currently use e-cigs
7.8
___% of Middle School students currently use e-cigs
3.5
____% of these students used flavored e-cigs
87.6
What is vaping?
Act of inhaling and exhaling the aerosol, often referred to as vapor, which is produced by an e-cigarette or similar device.
What are the characteristics of vape?
- Do not produce tobacco smoke
- Aerosol produced often mistaken for water vapor
- Contains fine particles
- Vapor is generated from a solid, semi-solid, or liquid substance
What are the components of vapes?
- Battery
- Heating element
- Atomizer
- Cartridge/pod
- Indicator light
What are the ingredients in e-liquid?
- Vegetable glycerin
- Propylene glycol
- Flavorings
- Nicotine
- Other compounds/chemicals (Diacetyl, Benzoic acid)
What is important to know about e-liquid?
- Ingredients may be deemed safe for use and/or ingestion
— But not evaluated for inhalation and heat - May cause adverse effects during or after pregnancy
— Nicotine can cross the placenta
E-liquid can remain on surfaces for
weeks to months
What are the features of nicotine salts?
- “Smoother hit”
—More like a cigarette rush - Higher nicotine concentrations
—Potential to be more addictive
— 1.8%-5% nicotine
Each nicotine salt pod contains same amount of nicotine as an…
entire pack of cigarettes
What are the aeorsols?
- volatile organic compounds
- nicotine
- ultrafine particles
- heavy metals (nickel, tin, lead)
What are the health concerns assocaited with aerosols?
*Increased heart rate due to spike in adrenaline
—Higher risk for heart attack
*Increased blood pressure
*Increase in bronchitis
*Increase in lung disease
—“popcorn lung” – bronchiolitis obliterans
*May cause blood sugar levels to rise
What effects on oral health do aerosols have?
- Chemical vapors produced can alter or damage epithelial cells
— Oral ulcerations
— Oral cancer may result - Indicates an inflammatory response in the PDL fibroblasts
— May lead to greater risk for periodontal disease - Sore throat
- Dry mouth
What do heat and chemicals do to oral health?
- Dry mouth
- Bone loss
- Inflammation
- Increased plaque, calculus
- Tooth decay
What part of smoking can increase bruxism?
- Nicotine as a stimulant
What are concerns with device batteries?
Burns from device batteries/explosions
How can nicotine poisoning/overdose occur?
*Pods can leak solution
*Nicotine is rapidly absorbed via the skin
