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Patient Care III > Tobacco and Nicotine Use > Flashcards

Tobacco and Nicotine Use Flashcards

1
Q

How much nicotine in an e-cigarette, cigarette, hookah, cigars, and pipe tobacco?

A

Pipe tobacco = 30.08-50 mg
Cigars = 13.3-15.4mg
Hookah = 1.04-2.24 mg
Cigarette = 1.2 -1.8 mg
E-Cigarette = 0.0 -15.4 mg

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2
Q

How many known carcinogens in cigarettes?

A

70

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3
Q

When you smoke a cigarette you inhale more than _____ chemicals

A

7,000
- hundreds are hazardous

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4
Q

What cancers are linked to smoking?

A
  • Oropharynx
  • Larynx
  • Esophagus
  • Trachea, bronchus, lung
  • Acute myeloid leukemia
  • Stomach
  • Pancreas
  • Kidney and ureter
  • Cervix
  • Bladder
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5
Q

What chronic diseases are linked to smoking?

A
  • Stroke
  • Blindness, cataracts
  • Periodontitis
  • Aortic aneurysm
  • Coronary heart disease
  • Pneumonia
  • Vascular Diseases
  • Respiratory effects
  • COPD
  • Hip Fractures
  • Reproductive effects
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6
Q

What are the health consequences of secondhard smoke in children?

A
  • Middle ear disease
  • Respiratory symptoms
  • Impaired lung function
  • Lower respiratory illness
  • SIDS
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7
Q

What are the health consequences of secondhard smoke in adults?

A
  • Nasal irritation
  • Lung cancer
  • Coronary heart disease
  • Reproductive effects in
    women – Low birth weight
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8
Q

____________ is the leading cause of cancer related death in US for both men and women

A

Lung cancer

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9
Q

Smoking accounts for more than ___% of lung cancer cases reported in men and __% in women

A

90%
89%

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10
Q

What effects does smoking have on the mouth?

A
  • Bad breath
  • Periodontal (gum) disease
  • Sore throat/hoarseness
  • Reduced smell/taste
  • Unhealthy tissue
  • Delayed healing
  • Oral/Throat cancer
  • Teeth staining
  • Poor response to dental treatment
  • Oral lesions
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11
Q

How much nicotine in a snus, chew, snuff, orbs, strips?

A

Snus = 8.0 mg
Chew = 4.5 mg
Snuff = 3.6 mg
Orbs = 1.0 mg
Strips = 0.6 mg

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12
Q

Smokeless tobacco contains over ___ chemicals known to cause cancer

A

28

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13
Q

What does cadmium do (part of smokeless tobacco)?

A

used in car batteries

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14
Q

What does N-nitrosamines do (part of smokeless tobacco)?

A

cancer causing chemical

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15
Q

What does uranium 235 do (part of smokeless tobacco)?

A

used in nuclear weapons

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16
Q

What does formaldehyde do (part of smokeless tobacco)?

A

used in embalming fluid

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17
Q

What does benzopyrene do (part of smokeless tobacco)?

A

cancer causing chemical

18
Q

What does polonium 210 do (part of smokeless tobacco)?

A

nuclear waste

19
Q

What are the effects of smokeless tobacco on the mouth?

A
  • Bad breath
  • Irritates and inflames tissue
    — Tissue changes
  • Oral cancer
  • Increased risk of tooth decay
  • Painful ulcers
  • Teeth staining
  • Periodontal/Gum disease
20
Q

About ___________ americans are diagnosed with oral/pharyngeal cancer each year

A

42,000
- 8,000 succumb to disease

21
Q

___% of cases of oral/pharyngeal cancer can be attributed to tobacco use and/or heavy alcohol consumption

A

75%

22
Q

___% of leukoplakia’s caused by tobacco use

A

70%

23
Q

___% of adults over 18 currently use e-cigs

A

4.7

24
Q

___% of High School students currently use e-cigs

A

7.8

25
Q

___% of Middle School students currently use e-cigs

A

3.5

26
Q

____% of these students used flavored e-cigs

A

87.6

27
Q

What is vaping?

A

Act of inhaling and exhaling the aerosol, often referred to as vapor, which is produced by an e-cigarette or similar device.

28
Q

What are the characteristics of vape?

A
  • Do not produce tobacco smoke
  • Aerosol produced often mistaken for water vapor
  • Contains fine particles
  • Vapor is generated from a solid, semi-solid, or liquid substance
29
Q

What are the components of vapes?

A
  • Battery
  • Heating element
  • Atomizer
  • Cartridge/pod
  • Indicator light
30
Q

What are the ingredients in e-liquid?

A
  • Vegetable glycerin
  • Propylene glycol
  • Flavorings
  • Nicotine
  • Other compounds/chemicals (Diacetyl, Benzoic acid)
31
Q

What is important to know about e-liquid?

A
  • Ingredients may be deemed safe for use and/or ingestion
    — But not evaluated for inhalation and heat
  • May cause adverse effects during or after pregnancy
    — Nicotine can cross the placenta
32
Q

E-liquid can remain on surfaces for

A

weeks to months

33
Q

What are the features of nicotine salts?

A
  • “Smoother hit”
    —More like a cigarette rush
  • Higher nicotine concentrations
    —Potential to be more addictive
    — 1.8%-5% nicotine
34
Q

Each nicotine salt pod contains same amount of nicotine as an…

A

entire pack of cigarettes

35
Q

What are the aeorsols?

A
  • volatile organic compounds
  • nicotine
  • ultrafine particles
  • heavy metals (nickel, tin, lead)
36
Q

What are the health concerns assocaited with aerosols?

A

*Increased heart rate due to spike in adrenaline
—Higher risk for heart attack
*Increased blood pressure
*Increase in bronchitis
*Increase in lung disease
—“popcorn lung” – bronchiolitis obliterans
*May cause blood sugar levels to rise

37
Q

What effects on oral health do aerosols have?

A
  • Chemical vapors produced can alter or damage epithelial cells
    — Oral ulcerations
    — Oral cancer may result
  • Indicates an inflammatory response in the PDL fibroblasts
    — May lead to greater risk for periodontal disease
  • Sore throat
  • Dry mouth
38
Q

What do heat and chemicals do to oral health?

A
  • Dry mouth
  • Bone loss
  • Inflammation
  • Increased plaque, calculus
  • Tooth decay
39
Q

What part of smoking can increase bruxism?

A
  • Nicotine as a stimulant
40
Q

What are concerns with device batteries?

A

Burns from device batteries/explosions

41
Q

How can nicotine poisoning/overdose occur?

A

*Pods can leak solution
*Nicotine is rapidly absorbed via the skin

Patient Care III (30 decks)

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