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Patient Care III > Hypersensitivity > Flashcards

Hypersensitivity Flashcards

1
Q

What stimuli causes short, sharp pain when it reaches exposed dentin?

A
  • Thermal
  • Tactile
  • Chemical
  • Evaporative
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2
Q

What are the components of dentin?

A
  • Organic Components
  • Inorganic Components
  • Dentinal Tubules (where sensitivity occurs)
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3
Q

What is brannstrom’s hydrodynamic theory?

A

Stimuli are transmitted to the pulp surface due to the movement of fluid or semi-fluid within open dentinal tubules

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4
Q

What is the etiology of dentinal hypersensitivity?

A
  • gingival recession
  • enamel loss
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5
Q

What can cause gingival recession?

A
  • anatomy of labial plate
  • periodontal surgery
  • periodontal disease
  • iatrogenic loss
  • frenum involvement
  • agressive scaling/root planing
  • toothbrush abrasion
  • acute/chronic trauma
  • poor oral hygiene
  • occlusal trauma
  • inadequate attached gingiva
  • excessive oral hygiene
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6
Q

What can cause enamel loss?

A
  • abrasion
  • attrition
  • abfraction
  • erosion
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7
Q

What can cause erosion?

A
  • acid reflux disease
  • bulimia
  • frequency of acidic drinks/foods
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8
Q

What is the prevalence of gingival recession (hypersensitivity)?

A
  • all age ranges (higher incidence in 20-40 yr old age group)
  • females more prone
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9
Q

Where are the more common sites of occurrence of gingival recession (hypersensitivity)?

A
  • Common site of occurrence are buccal and labial surfaces
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10
Q

What are the main areas effected by hypersensitivity?

A
  • Canine/premolar
  • Incisors
  • 2nd pre-molars and molars
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11
Q

How do you diagnose hypersensitivity?

A

one of exclusion

  • if it is not caries, fractured teeth, or fractured restorations then it is hypersensitivity
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12
Q

What is a way to treat hypersensitivity through behavior?

A

modify patient behaviors

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13
Q

What are the ways to modify patient behaviors to treat hypersensitivity?

A
  • dietary modifications
  • stop/altering teeth whitening
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14
Q

What are the treatment options for hypersensitivity in office?

A
  • Varnishes/Precipitates
  • Primers
  • Placement of restorations (Composite resin-based and Restorations with glass ionomer)
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15
Q

What are the treatment options for hypersensitivity at home?

A

Dentifrices, Gels, Rinses

  • Mode of action:
    – Depolarizes nerve endings
    –Tubule Occlusion
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16
Q

When part of the dentin are you focused on with hypersensitivity?

A

dentin tubules

17
Q

What is the mode of action of dentrifices, gels, and rinses in treating hypersensitivity?

A
  • Depolarizes nerve endings
  • Tubule Occlusion
18
Q

What are examples of in-office treatments for hypersensitivity?

A
  • Glutaraldehyde/HEMA based agents (Gluma)
  • 5% Sodium Fluoride Varnish
19
Q

What are examples of at home treatments for hypersensitivity?

A
  • MI Paste (can also be in-office)
  • Interference with neural transmission (dentifrices with 5% potassium nitrate)
  • Tubule Occlusion (Fluoride products)
20
Q

How does 5% sodium fluoride varnish help with hypersensitivity?

A
  • Forms a barrier over exposed dentin
  • Relief provided by calcium fluoride deposits
21
Q

How does Glutaraldehyde/HEMA based agents (Gluma) help with hypersensitivity?

A
  • Significantly reduce hypersensitivity immediately after treatment
  • Reduces dentin permeability
22
Q

What is the mechanism of action of MI Paste?

A
  • replaces calcium and phosphate ions
  • Casein phosphopeptide = amorphous calcium phosphate
23
Q

What is the mode of action of dentifrices containing 5% potassium nitrate?

A

Works by penetrating the length of the tubule to depolarize the nerve endings

*interference with neural transmission

24
Q

With MI Paste what allergy do you need to be aware of?

A

Milk allergy

25
Q

What are examples of dentifrices containing 5% potassium nitrate?

A
  • sensodyne (gold standard)
  • arm and hammer sensitive teeth and gums
  • colgate sensitive
  • crest sensitive
26
Q

What is the most commonly used in toothpaste for tubule occlusion?

A

stannous fluoride

  • arginine, calcium carbonate, hydroxyapatite are also options
27
Q

What is the strength of Prevident?

A

5,000 ppm (1.1% NaF)

Patient Care III (33 decks)

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