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Patient Care III > Powered Scalers > Flashcards

Powered Scalers Flashcards

1
Q

What are powered scalers used for?

A
  • Benefits the gingiva by removing biofilm & calculus deposits
  • Produces less operator wrist fatigue than hand scaling
  • Utilize rapidly vibrating, water-cooled tips to remove deposits from tooth surfaces and to debride periodontal pockets
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2
Q

What are the two types of powered scalers?

A

sonic
ultrasonic

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3
Q

What are the two types of ultrasonic machines?

A

Piezoelectric
Magnetostrictive (cavitron)

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4
Q

Ultrasonic scalers operative at a higher frequency than sonic scalers; about _______ kHz

A

20-50

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5
Q

Ultrasonic scalers utilize a water lavage that…

A

deplaques/washes away debris in the periodontal pockets

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6
Q

What is a therapeutic benefit of ultrasonics?

A

cavitation occurs with these instruments causing bubbles to form and collapse thereby disrupting the cell walls of harmful bacteria resulting in lysis

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7
Q

What is the operating frequency of the piezoelectric?

A

29-50 kHz

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8
Q

For the piezoelectric strokes occur in a ________ pattern via crystals activated by the ceramic handpiece

A

linear

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9
Q

For piezoelectric only the ________ sides are effective in the removal of plaque and calculus

A

lateral

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10
Q

For piezoelectric the most effective portion of the tip is the last ____mm

A

2.4

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11
Q

The piezoelectric uses _____ water to control heat compared to cavitron

A

less

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12
Q

Which is more common piezoelectric or cavitron?

A

cavitron

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13
Q

Which ultrasonic can be used on patients with multiple health issues (asthma, COPD, pacemakers)?

A

piezoelectric

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14
Q

Where are piezoelectric commonly used?

A

Europe and Asia

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15
Q

The piezoelectric uses multiple area-specific tips can be utilized and you must use a ____________ for putting tip on an off

A

special wrench

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16
Q

Which ultrasonic can be used in endodontic treatment when utilizing the proper tips?

A

piezoelectric

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17
Q

What is the mode of action for the piezoelectric?

A

Are reactivated by dimensional changes in crystals housed within the hand-piece as electricity passed over the surface of the crystals. The resultant vibration produces tip movement that is primarily linear in direction

18
Q

What is another name for the magnetostrictive?

A

Cavitron

19
Q

What is the operating frequency for a cavitron/magnetostrictive?

A

20-40 kHz (lower than piezo)

20
Q

Which ultrasonic operates at a lower frequency?

A

cavitron/magnetostrictive

21
Q

Cavitron/magnetostrictive strokes occur in an __________ pattern via stacks of metal sheets

A

elliptical

22
Q

Cavitron/magnetostrictive always requires ____________ due to production of heat

A

water lavage

23
Q

In a cavitron/magentostrictive ___________ tip are activated and therefore effective for biofilm and calculus removal

A

all aspects of

24
Q

The cavitron/magnetostrictive is not to be used for patients with a ____________

A

pacemaker (unless shielded- which most are now)

25
Q

What is the mode of action of the cavitron/magnetostrictive?

A

Using flat metal strips in a stack or a metal rod attached to a scaling tip, electrical currents are supplied to a wire coil in the hand-piece; a magnetic field is created around the stack or rod transducer causing it to constrict. An alternating current then produces an alternating magnetic field that causes the tip to vibrate. Tip movement is elliptical

26
Q

What can you use to clean around an implant?

A

Softip Cavitron Insert (the blue plastic cover is a one-time use cover)

27
Q

What are the two types of magnetostrictive machines?

A

30K
25K

28
Q

What are the parts of the cavitron machine?

A
  1. Cavitron handpiece
  2. Foot pedal
  3. Power adapter
  4. Water line
  5. Water line hose attachment
  6. Water line attachment to chair water reservoir
  7. Handpiece connector
  8. Handpiece cable`
29
Q

What are these pieces?

A
  1. Cavitron handpiece
  2. Foot pedal
  3. Power adapter
  4. Water line
  5. Water line hose attachment
  6. Water line attachment to chair water
    reservoir
  7. Handpiece connector
  8. Handpiece cable
30
Q

What are the parts of the cavitron insert?

A
31
Q

What is the low power setting for the cavitron used for?

A

biofilm removal and light subgingival deposits

32
Q

What is the medium power setting for the cavitron used for?

A

general debridement of biofilm and calculus deposits

33
Q

What is the high power setting for the cavitron used for?

A

removal of heavy, tenacious calculus deposits

34
Q

How do you adapt a cavitron tip to the tooth?

A

Use the lateral surfaces of the tip to adapt to the tooth surface. The tip can lead into interproximal spaces, but not directly contacting the tooth surface. Also, ensure the tip is always moving, beginning at the coronal surface toward the apical surfaces.

35
Q

With a cavitron use a _____ grasp and _____ pressure

A

light
light

(heavy pressure will cause more damage and will decrease effectiveness of calculus removal)

36
Q

When using the cavitron strokes need to be…

A

overlapping and, in many directions (oblique, horizontal, vertical)

37
Q

The tip of the cavitron must contact all aspects of the _____ surfaces to thoroughly disrupt biofilm accumulation

A

root

38
Q

Ultrasonic scaling should ALWAYS
be done in conjunction with…

A

hand scaling

39
Q

_________ scaling alone is not effective enough for removal of grainy spicules of calculus and must be followed by hand scaling for best results

A

Ultrasonic

40
Q

What should you be cautious around with the ultrasonic scaling?

A

Be cautious around composite and porcelain restorations as damage can occur

41
Q

Crowns can accumulate calculus both supra and subgingivally, it is best to use a ______ setting to remove these deposits when using ultrasonic scalers

A

lower

Patient Care III (30 decks)

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