Powered Scalers Flashcards
What are powered scalers used for?
- Benefits the gingiva by removing biofilm & calculus deposits
- Produces less operator wrist fatigue than hand scaling
- Utilize rapidly vibrating, water-cooled tips to remove deposits from tooth surfaces and to debride periodontal pockets
What are the two types of powered scalers?
sonic
ultrasonic
What are the two types of ultrasonic machines?
Piezoelectric
Magnetostrictive (cavitron)
Ultrasonic scalers operative at a higher frequency than sonic scalers; about _______ kHz
20-50
Ultrasonic scalers utilize a water lavage that…
deplaques/washes away debris in the periodontal pockets
What is a therapeutic benefit of ultrasonics?
cavitation occurs with these instruments causing bubbles to form and collapse thereby disrupting the cell walls of harmful bacteria resulting in lysis
What is the operating frequency of the piezoelectric?
29-50 kHz
For the piezoelectric strokes occur in a ________ pattern via crystals activated by the ceramic handpiece
linear
For piezoelectric only the ________ sides are effective in the removal of plaque and calculus
lateral
For piezoelectric the most effective portion of the tip is the last ____mm
2.4
The piezoelectric uses _____ water to control heat compared to cavitron
less
Which is more common piezoelectric or cavitron?
cavitron
Which ultrasonic can be used on patients with multiple health issues (asthma, COPD, pacemakers)?
piezoelectric
Where are piezoelectric commonly used?
Europe and Asia
The piezoelectric uses multiple area-specific tips can be utilized and you must use a ____________ for putting tip on an off
special wrench
Which ultrasonic can be used in endodontic treatment when utilizing the proper tips?
piezoelectric
What is the mode of action for the piezoelectric?
Are reactivated by dimensional changes in crystals housed within the hand-piece as electricity passed over the surface of the crystals. The resultant vibration produces tip movement that is primarily linear in direction
What is another name for the magnetostrictive?
Cavitron
What is the operating frequency for a cavitron/magnetostrictive?
20-40 kHz (lower than piezo)
Which ultrasonic operates at a lower frequency?
cavitron/magnetostrictive
Cavitron/magnetostrictive strokes occur in an __________ pattern via stacks of metal sheets
elliptical
Cavitron/magnetostrictive always requires ____________ due to production of heat
water lavage
In a cavitron/magentostrictive ___________ tip are activated and therefore effective for biofilm and calculus removal
all aspects of
The cavitron/magnetostrictive is not to be used for patients with a ____________
pacemaker (unless shielded- which most are now)
What is the mode of action of the cavitron/magnetostrictive?
Using flat metal strips in a stack or a metal rod attached to a scaling tip, electrical currents are supplied to a wire coil in the hand-piece; a magnetic field is created around the stack or rod transducer causing it to constrict. An alternating current then produces an alternating magnetic field that causes the tip to vibrate. Tip movement is elliptical
What can you use to clean around an implant?
Softip Cavitron Insert (the blue plastic cover is a one-time use cover)
What are the two types of magnetostrictive machines?
30K
25K
What are the parts of the cavitron machine?
- Cavitron handpiece
- Foot pedal
- Power adapter
- Water line
- Water line hose attachment
- Water line attachment to chair water reservoir
- Handpiece connector
- Handpiece cable`
What are these pieces?
- Cavitron handpiece
- Foot pedal
- Power adapter
- Water line
- Water line hose attachment
- Water line attachment to chair water
reservoir - Handpiece connector
- Handpiece cable
What are the parts of the cavitron insert?
What is the low power setting for the cavitron used for?
biofilm removal and light subgingival deposits
What is the medium power setting for the cavitron used for?
general debridement of biofilm and calculus deposits
What is the high power setting for the cavitron used for?
removal of heavy, tenacious calculus deposits
How do you adapt a cavitron tip to the tooth?
Use the lateral surfaces of the tip to adapt to the tooth surface. The tip can lead into interproximal spaces, but not directly contacting the tooth surface. Also, ensure the tip is always moving, beginning at the coronal surface toward the apical surfaces.
With a cavitron use a _____ grasp and _____ pressure
light
light
(heavy pressure will cause more damage and will decrease effectiveness of calculus removal)
When using the cavitron strokes need to be…
overlapping and, in many directions (oblique, horizontal, vertical)
The tip of the cavitron must contact all aspects of the _____ surfaces to thoroughly disrupt biofilm accumulation
root
Ultrasonic scaling should ALWAYS
be done in conjunction with…
hand scaling
_________ scaling alone is not effective enough for removal of grainy spicules of calculus and must be followed by hand scaling for best results
Ultrasonic
What should you be cautious around with the ultrasonic scaling?
Be cautious around composite and porcelain restorations as damage can occur
Crowns can accumulate calculus both supra and subgingivally, it is best to use a ______ setting to remove these deposits when using ultrasonic scalers
lower
