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DEN 7109 > TMJ > Flashcards

TMJ Flashcards

1
Q

Role of ligament

A
  • Ligaments not involved in active joint function

- Function: passive restraining mechanism that limits and restricts border movements

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2
Q

5 ligaments that associated with TMJ

A

Functional Ligaments:

  1. Collateral Ligament
  2. Capsular Ligament
  3. Temporomandibular Ligament

Accessory Ligaments:

1. Sphenomandibular Ligament
2. Stylomandibular Ligament
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3
Q

what ligament responsible for hinging movement?

A

collateral (discal) ligament

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4
Q

what ligament allows disc to move anteroposterior(AP) with condyle and rotate AP on the articular sureface of condyle?

A

collateral (discal) ligament

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5
Q

how is collateral ligament inserted?

A

Attach medial and lateral borders of articular disc to the poles of the condyle

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6
Q

where is collateral ligament located?

A

within the joint

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7
Q

where is capsular ligament located?

A

outer tissue

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8
Q

how is capsular ligament inserted?

A

Extends anterior to include the articular eminence and encompass the entire articular surface of the joint.

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9
Q

what is function of capsular ligament?

A

encompass the joint thus retaining the synovial fluid

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10
Q

components of temporomandibular ligament

A
  • Outer portion (OOP)
    • extends from articular tubercle and zygomatic process to outer surface of condylar neck
    • Function: limits the extent of mouth opening
  • Inner portion (IHP):
    • extends from articular tubercle of zygomatic process to lateral pole of condyle and posterior part of articular disc
    • Function: limits posterior movement of the condyle and disc
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11
Q

what nerves innervate TMJ?

A
  • Auriculotemporal nerve innervates TJM mainly (bring sensation: pain, temperature)
  • Masseter nerve- motor
  • Deep temporal nerve-motor
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12
Q

where are free nerve endings of C and A delta type fibers and what is their function?

A
  • The posterior and posterolateral region of the joint capsule
  • conduct pain impulses from the joint.This is part of a feedback mechanism that limits excessive mandibular movements.
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13
Q

what arteries go thru the TMJ?

A 
Superficial temporal artery
Deep masseteric artery
Deep temporal artery
Middle meningeal artery
Deep auricular artery
Anterior tympanic artery
Ascending pharyngeal artery
Small unnamed branches from maxillary
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14
Q

where doesHinge Type Movements Occur?

A

in the lower joint compartment

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15
Q

where does translation type movements occur?

A

in the upper joint compartment

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16
Q

what type of movement of elevation, depression, protrusion, retrusion, and excursion?

A

a combination of hinge movement and translation

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17
Q

what is position at rest?

A

occlusal surfaces of the teeth are a few millimeters apart and the condyles rest lightly on the posterior slope of the articular eminence.

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18
Q

centric occlusion

A

teeth come into maximal contact and the condyles are in their uppermost position in the mandibular fossae and related anteriorly to the distal slope of the articular eminence. This is not a restful position (teeth clenched) because muscular effort is required to maintain it.

19
Q

T/F. Retrodisco head (posterior to condyle head)is vascularized

A

T

20
Q

what are layers of the surface of the condyle?

A

articular zone, proliferative zone, fibrocartilaginous zone, calcified cartilage zone

21
Q

what is articular zone?

A

dense fibrous connective tissue with collagen fibers arranged in bundles parallel to the articular surface

22
Q

what is proliferative zone?

A

primarily cellular. Contains undifferentiated mesenchymal tissue. Responsible for proliferation of articular cartilage in response to functional demands during loading.

23
Q

what is fobrocartilaginous zone?

A

collagen fibrils arranged in bundles in a crossing pattern. Provides a three-dimensional network for offering resistance against compressive and lateral forces.

24
Q

what is calcified cartilage zone?

A

contains chondrocytes & chondroblasts. The chondrocytes hypertrophy and die, providing a scaffold on which bone cells can grow and proliferate.

25
Q

T/F. Vast majority of articular disk is avascular, except for the superior portion.

A

T

26
Q

T/F.The superior portion of the retrodiscal region contains some elastic fibers and is the only portion which does.

A

T

27
Q

components of articular disk

A
  • Majority composed of Type I Collagen with a small bit of Type III
  • Glycosamingoglycans composed 5% of dry weight
  • 80% of glycosaminoglycans are chondroitin sulfate with about 15% being dermatan sulfate
  • Posterior region of the disk is the bilaminar zone also known as the retrodiscal pad.
28
Q

Synovial membrane of the joint capsule

A
  • Lines the inner aspect of the joint capsule
  • Consists of two layers
    • Intimal cellular layer – contains two types of cells
      • Type A – phagocytic
      • Type B – synthesize hyaluronic acid that is found in the synovial fluid
    • Subintimal layer – contains blood vessels and lymphatics within a loose connective tissue matrix
  • The synovium secretes fluids for lubrication and possibly nourishment of the opposing articular surfaces. There is a constant turnover of synovial fluid to eliminate cellular debris within the joint cavity.
29
Q

muscles of mastecation

A

Temporalis
Masseter
Lateral pterygoid
Medial pterygoid

30
Q

temporalis

A

-Origin: temporal lines and temporal fascia
-Insertion: medial aspect of the coronoid process and anteromedial border of the ascending ramus of the mandible almost to the third
molar
-action:retrusion, elevation, lateral excursion

31
Q

masseter- origin

A
  • Superficial – zygomatic process of maxilla and inferior border of anterior 2/3 of zygomatic arch
  • Deep – inner aspect of zygomatic arch and inferior border of posterior 1/3 of zygomatic arch
32
Q

masseter-insertions

A
  • Superficial – Angle of the mandible and lower portion of the lateral aspect of the ramus.
  • Deep – Upper Portion of lateral aspect of the ramus.
33
Q

masseter-action

A

retrusion, protrusion, elevation, lateral excursion

34
Q

superior head of lateral pterygoid

A
  • Origin – inferior aspect of greater wing of sphenoid and a portion of the lateral aspect of the lateral pterygoid plate
  • Insertion – articular capsule(condyle) and the articular disc and anterior aspect of the neck of the condyle
35
Q

inferior head of lateral pterygoid

A

Origin – lateral aspect of the lateral pterygoid plate and the greater wing of the sphenoid bone
Insertion – pterygoid fovea

36
Q

what are actions of lateral pterygoid?

A
  • Upper Head: Stabilizer during retrusion

- Lower Head: Protrusion, Depression, Medial Excursion

37
Q

what are structures that prevent condyle from hitting the tympanic plate?

A

Upper head of lateral pterygoid
Retrodiscal pad
Collateral and internal horizontal ligament of the temporal mandibular

38
Q

medial pterygoid

A
  • Origin – medial aspect of the lateral pterygoid plate and the palatine bone
  • Insertion – medial aspect of the ramus of the mandible up to the mandibular foramen
  • Action-elevation, medial excursion, protrusion
39
Q

sphenomandibularis

A
  • has 2 heads

- Actions: elevation, medial excursion, protrusion

40
Q

Muscles that depress the jaw

A

suprahyoid( diagastric, geniohyoid, mylohyoid) and infrahyoids (sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid, omohyoid) except stylohyhoid

41
Q

LeFort type I

A
  • Over apices of maxillary teeth
  • Through basal of nasal septum
  • Posterior through pterygoid processes
42
Q

LeFort type II

A
  • Through posterior wall of maxillary sinus
  • Through floor of orbit along infraorbital canal
  • Through zygomatic process of maxilla
  • Medial wall of orbit through orbital plate of ethmoid bone, lacrimal bone, and across bridge of nose
43
Q

LeFort type III

A
  • Extends bilaterally through zygomaticomaxillary suture
  • Across greater wing ofsphenoid
  • Through superior orbital fissure
  • Through ethmoid bone, lacrimal bone and maxilla at bridge of nose

DEN 7109 (8 decks)

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