TMJ Flashcards
The anatomy of the TMj consist of?
What type of joint is it?
Bones and Landmarks
Temporal (upper)
Mandible (lower)
Condyle: convex mandibular condyle
Glenoid fossa/mandibular fossa: concavity
Articular eminence: convex articulation
Synovial joint: diarthrosis
Which of these is incorrect:
Complex synovial joint with two convex surfaces articulating during movement
Joint is divided into two compartments: superior and inferior
Articular disc allows for more congruent and stable joint
None
Compartment that is
Composed of the Temporal fossa/eminence and the Superior synovium attached to the disc
Loose allowing for pure translation
SUPERIOR
Compartment that is:
Composed of the mandibular condyle and synovium attached to the distal aspect of the disc
Taut, pure rotation
INFERIOR
Which articular disc, Limits rot of lower joint
Lateral & medial
Which articular disc, Limits forward translation
Posterior, inferior portion
Which articular disc, Assist ant. translation and restrict post translation of disc
Anterior
What are the composition of the articular disc and their main function? (3)
Collagen - is largely responsible for the disk’s maintaining its shape
Elastin - contributes to the disk’s regaaining its form during unloading
Glycosaminoglycan (GAGs) - composition maintains disks resiliency and resists mechanical compressive force.
What is the common direction of TMJ dislocation
Anterior
Which part of the articular disc is avascularized and no innervations?
Middle/central part
Ligament of the TMJ, and what movements do they limit?
temporomandibular (lateral) ligament - lim:downard and posterior movement;
stylomandibular ligament - limits jaw protrusion; limits the movement anterior; stretch
sphenomandibular ligament - limits the movement posterior; jaw protrusion
What is the resting position of the TMJ?
jaw slightly open “ajar”
lips is usually closed
teeth is slightly few mm away
tongue is resting on the roof of the mouth touching the palate
What is centric occlusion?
relation of the law and teeth when there is a maximum contact of the teeth.
median occlusal position: teeth are fully
CAPSULITIS vs SYNOVITIS
CAPSULITIS
capsulitis: same side mag deflect
ipsi deflection
nahihila on the same side
SYNOVITIS
synovitis: contralateral deflection
opposite
synovium inflammation
naiipit
presence of effusion (accumulation of fluid sa area)
What is CAPSULAR FIBROSIS?
capsular fibrosis: thickening sa area
adhesions brought by thickening sa capsule
adhesion may lead to restriction
ipsilateral deflection
overproduction of fiber
Muscle for Elevation of the jaw
Temporalis; Masseter; Med. & sup. lat. Pterygoid
Muscle for Depression of the jaw
Inf. lat. Pterygoid; Suprahyoid (digastric)
Muscle for Lat Excursion
Temporalis - Same side
Pterygoid - Opposite side
Muscles for Protrusion of the TMJ
Masseter; Med. &lat. Pterygoid
Muscles for Retrusion
Temporalis; Ant. Digastric
Disorders of the TMJ
degenerative joint disease
myofascial pain
internal derangement
Capsular fibrosis VS Synovitis
Capsular fibrosis: chronic capsulitis, deflection on ipsilateral, no clicking
Synovitis: synovial fluid/sheath, deflection on contralateral (avoids compression), LOM on
Capsulitis VS Anterior disc displacement
Capsulitis: capsule of the joint, deflection on ipsilateral (avoids stretching), LOM
Anterior disc displacement: with reduction and w/o reduction
After attending a 3-day seminar for TMJ manipulation, your PT supervisor asked you a favor to assess new patient dith “dental trismus”. Upon evaluation you know that TMJ right lateral movement is normal fit?
Rotation on the right and translation on the left
Jaw laterally deviates to the right, what specific mm are contracting?
right temporalis, left pterygoid
An individual presents with chronic TMJ dysfunction. Which of the following muscles should be addressed with relaxation techniques to help restore limited lateral movement of the mandible to the right as a result of muscular tightness?
R medial pterygoid
